با همکاری مشترک دانشگاه پیام نور و انجمن اقتصاد انرژی ایران

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد علوم اقتصادی، گرایش سیستم‌های اقتصادی- گروه اقتصاد و حسابداری دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود، شاهرود، ایران.

2 استادیار گروه اقتصاد و حسابداری دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود شاهرود، ایران.

3 دانشیار گروه اقتصاد و حسابداری دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود، شاهرود، ایران.

چکیده

فقر از مهم‌ترین مسائل اقتصادی در کشورهای در حال‌توسعه از جمله در کشورهای منا است. فقر موجب معضلات اجتماعی متعدد همچون قاچاق مواد مخدر، سرقت، فحشا و فساد می‌شود. از سوی دیگر، فساد نیز معضلی بزرگ در کشورهای در حال‌توسعه است. فساد موجب از بین رفتن منابع و همچنین اختلال در تخصیص بهینه‌ی منابع می‌گردد. آمارها نشان می‌دهد که ایران هم از نظر فقر و هم از نظر فساد وضعیت نامناسبی دارد. بنابراین باتوجه به اهمیت مبارزه با فقر و فس اد هدف اصلی در این پژوهش بررسی تأثیر فقر بر فساد است. این مطالعه برای کشور‌های منا در دوره 2019-2000 انجام شد. برای سنجش فقر از شاخص توسعه انسانی و برای سنجش فساد از شاخص کنترل فساد بانک جهانی استفاده شد. برای تخمین رگرسیون از روش سلسله‌مراتبی بیزین استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که متغیرهای رشد اقتصادی و شاخص توسعه انسانی تأثیر منفی و متغیرهای شاخص آزادی تجاری، سرمایه‌گذاری مستقیم خارجی و سهم مخارج دولتی از GDP تأثیر مثبت بر فساد دارند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Impact of Poverty on Corruption in the MENA Countries (The Application of Bayesian Hierarchical Model)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Saeede Seydabadi 1
  • Ali Dehghani 2
  • Mohammd Ali Molaei 3

1 Master Student of Economics, Department of Economics and Accounting, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran.

2 Assistant Professor of Economics, Department of Economics and Accounting, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran.

3 Associate Professor of Economics, Department of Economics and Accounting, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Poverty is one of the most important economic issues in developing countries such as MENA. Poverty causes many social problems such as drug trafficking, theft, prostitution and corruption. On the other hand, corruption is a major problem in developing countries. Corruption destroys resources as well as impedes the optimal allocation of resources. Statistics show that Iran is at a disadvantage both in terms of poverty and corruption. Therefore, considering the importance of fighting poverty and corruption, the main purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of poverty on corruption. The Human Development Index was used to measure poverty and the World Bank Corruption Control Index was used to measure corruption. The Bayesian Hierarchical method was used to estimate regression. The results showed that the variables of economic growth, and human development index have a negative impact and the variables of trade freedom index, foreign direct investment, and the share of government spending in GDP have a positive effect on corruption.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Bayesian Hierarchical Model
  • Corruption
  • MENA Countries
  • Human Development Index
  • Poverty
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