Ali Mehdiloo; Hosein Sadeghi; Abas Assari Arani
Volume 5, Issue 18 , March 2015, Pages 30-11
Abstract
The relation between rent-seeking opportunities and economic growth has been considered by many economists in past decades. They believe that rent-seeking opportunities are reducing economic growth with wasting and non-allocation of resource to productive activities and reducing motivation of entrepreneurship. ...
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The relation between rent-seeking opportunities and economic growth has been considered by many economists in past decades. They believe that rent-seeking opportunities are reducing economic growth with wasting and non-allocation of resource to productive activities and reducing motivation of entrepreneurship. The purpose of this study is investigating the nonlinear effects of rent-seeking opportunities on economic growth in Iran. For this purpose, the trend of rent-seeking opportunities have been simulated by three input variables that include gap of official exchange rate, the ratio of building added value to GDP and the size of government using fuzzy logic in first step. Then, in the second step, nonlinearity relation is evaluated between rent-seeking (fuzzy output) and economic growth using Markov-Switching model. Experimental results showed that, rent-seeking opportunities have negative significant impact on economic growth in three regimes of the model. So that in the first regime that indicates economic boom (since the average of oil income is high) opportunities of rent-seeking by a cofficient of -36/44 has most negative impact and in the third regime that indicates recession (since the average of oil income is low) by a cofficient of -1/61 has lowest negative impact on economic growth.
Abolghasem Golkhandan; Mojtaba Khansari; Davood Golkhandan
Volume 5, Issue 18 , March 2015, Pages 50-31
Abstract
This paper examines the effect of military expenditure on economic growth in MENA region countries. High share of military expenditure in GDP of the MENA region countries on the one hand and strategic position of Middle East countries in this region, on the other hand, need to examine the effect of military ...
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This paper examines the effect of military expenditure on economic growth in MENA region countries. High share of military expenditure in GDP of the MENA region countries on the one hand and strategic position of Middle East countries in this region, on the other hand, need to examine the effect of military spending on economic growth in the MENA region countries. In this regard, an augmented Solow model (proposed by Knight et al. (1996) about military expenses and economic growth) during the period 1995-2012 is used. Long-run equilibrium relationship between the variables of this model verified by Pedroni (2004) and Kao (1999) panel cointegration tests. The results of this research by using generalized method of moments (GMM( of dynamic panel data, show the negative impact of military spending on economic growth in the MENA region countries. So can be said that although military spending is required in order to increase security of many countries in the region, but these expenditure will reduce economic growth.
Saeed Karimi; Younes Nademi; Hoda Zobeiri
Volume 5, Issue 18 , March 2015, Pages 64-51
Abstract
Unemployment is one of the most important challenges of Iranian economy that affects the society and economic performance. The aim of this paper is to investigate the impact of government size on unemployment rate in Iranian economy. By using the model of Christopoulos, Loizides & Tsionas (2005), ...
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Unemployment is one of the most important challenges of Iranian economy that affects the society and economic performance. The aim of this paper is to investigate the impact of government size on unemployment rate in Iranian economy. By using the model of Christopoulos, Loizides & Tsionas (2005), the relationship between government size and unemployment has been investigated during 1974-2012. The results of threshold model indicate that when the government size is less than 0.2484, increasing of government size has a significant negative impact on unemployment but after the mentioned threshold value, due to crowding out effect of government intervence, government size has a significant positive impact on unemployment. Also, the results of estimation show that inflation has a significant negative impact on unemployment that confirms Philips curve in Iranian economy.
Hamed Navidi; Seyed Abolghasem Mortazavi; Hamid Amirnejad
Volume 5, Issue 18 , March 2015, Pages 82-65
Abstract
Desert ecosystems have substantial economic potentials that paying attention to them in order to attain the sustainable development and to get rid of one-product economy in a country such as Iran is essential. Among the major functions of desert regions is their recreational function. Accordingly, the ...
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Desert ecosystems have substantial economic potentials that paying attention to them in order to attain the sustainable development and to get rid of one-product economy in a country such as Iran is essential. Among the major functions of desert regions is their recreational function. Accordingly, the objective of this study is to estimate the recreational value of Mesr desert region, located in the Khur and Biabanak county of Isfahan province. In this regard, the single bound dichotomous choice contingent valuation method has been used. Furthermore, to enhance the accuracy of this study, the logit and probit models and three functional forms have been employed and their results were compared with each other. According to the estimation results, can be seen although doesn’t exist a significant difference between two econometric models, logit and probit, but there is a substantial difference among the functional forms in both models. Also, using the various functional forms, the recreation value of the Mesr desert region has estimated in the range 4.48 to 9.24 billion Rials in 2012. These results represent on the one hand the substantial value of Iran’s desert regions and on the other hand the sensitivity of the results of contingent valuation studies to the selection of functional form of the models
Hossein Akbarifard; Mohammad Ghotbadini Ghasem Abad; Farahnaz Shahryaran; Omid Jenabi
Volume 5, Issue 18 , March 2015, Pages 94-83
Abstract
This study investigates the effect of some indicators of financial repression, including DR (the gap between the official interbank exchange rate and the free market rate), Cpi (the difference between Iran's inflation rate and the inflation rate of the world) and G (the ratio of government ...
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This study investigates the effect of some indicators of financial repression, including DR (the gap between the official interbank exchange rate and the free market rate), Cpi (the difference between Iran's inflation rate and the inflation rate of the world) and G (the ratio of government debt to liquidity), on capital stock growth in agricultural sub-sectors in Iran, during the period 1991-2011 using estimation of the demand function and panel data method. The results of the model indicate a significant negative effect of financial repression indicators on the development of the capital stock growth in all agricultural sub-sectors.
Samad Hekmati Farid; Ahmad Ezzati Shoorgoli; Reza Ezzati; Ali Dehghani
Volume 5, Issue 18 , March 2015, Pages 112-95
Abstract
This paper examines the relationship between control of corruption and globalization (with various aspects) on economic growth in countries with high per capita income, middle per capita income, and low per capita income over the period (2002-2010) using panel data from113 different countries. According ...
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This paper examines the relationship between control of corruption and globalization (with various aspects) on economic growth in countries with high per capita income, middle per capita income, and low per capita income over the period (2002-2010) using panel data from113 different countries. According to the results of the various models, there is an inverted U relationship between control of corruption and economic growth. Moreover, the relationship between economic globalization and economic growth in countries with low per capita income is negative and significant. Also, social globalization in these countries has a negative impact on economic growth. However, overall index of globalization and political globalization has a positive impact on economic growth in these countries. Furthermore, in countries with high per capita income and middle per capita income, the impact of the three indicators of globalization (economic, social and political) and the overall index of globalization on economic growth is positive and significant.
Mahdi Fadaee; Morteza Derakhshan
Volume 5, Issue 18 , March 2015, Pages 132-113
Abstract
Following the economic sanctions that have been imposed on Iran in the years after the Islamic Revolution, always economists were facing this question that; what is the effect of economic sanctions on different economic variables and how much is it? This study aims to analyze the effect of economic sanctions ...
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Following the economic sanctions that have been imposed on Iran in the years after the Islamic Revolution, always economists were facing this question that; what is the effect of economic sanctions on different economic variables and how much is it? This study aims to analyze the effect of economic sanctions as dummy variable on economic growth in Iran, using Indexing and weighting (determining the importance) of various sanctions that historically imposed on Iran. For this purpose, using time series data and Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model, we analyze the effect of economic sanctions on economic growth from 1978 to 2013. Short-run estimation results show that in the short term weak sanctions had not significant effect on economic growth, but moderate and strong sanctions respectively with coefficients 0.0098 and 0.43, has had a negative effect on economic growth. Long-run estimation results show that in long term weak and strong sanctions had not significant impact on economic growth, but moderate sanctions with coefficient 0.024 has had a negative impact on economic growth. Finally error correction coefficient in model is - 0.407.
