Growth Accounting
Nafise Mosayebi Otaghsara; Zahra Mila Elmi; Saeed Rasekhi
Abstract
The main objective of this research is to examine the growth of green productivity in the industry and transportation sectors of Iran (as influential sectors of the country) during the period of 2001-2019 and compare it with the conventional productivity index, which has been the criterion that considered ...
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The main objective of this research is to examine the growth of green productivity in the industry and transportation sectors of Iran (as influential sectors of the country) during the period of 2001-2019 and compare it with the conventional productivity index, which has been the criterion that considered in policy-making decisions in the country for several decades. Although in the framework of conventional productivity theories, green productivity indices generally have higher growth rates compared to conventional ones, many other studies have also shown that green productivity can also grow at a lower rate than conventional productivity. The results of extended growth accounting along with using seemingly unrelated regressions method for calculating the green productivity of two industry and transportation sectors of Iran show that the growth of this index is 2.11% for the industrial sector and -5.8% for the transportation sector, and compared to the conventional method, it was found that the growth of conventional productivity measure for the industry sector is underestimated for 0.7% and for the transportation sector, it is overestimated for 6.76%. Based on the results obtained, the policy recommendation of this research is to transform the adoption of an economic growth strategy focused on green productivity from a choice to a necessity, in order to prevent the creation of misleading ideas about growth prospects and, consequently, prevent the selection of inappropriate policy options by officials, especially in the transportation sector.
توسعه مالی
aida hajnouri; meysam amiry; maghsoud amiri; hossein tavakolian; moslem peymani
Abstract
Money laundering one of the types of financial corruption has a very detrimental role on the economic. Planning the country's economic development and making decisions to implement economic policies requires recognition of the performance of the whole economy, including the formal and legal sector, and ...
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Money laundering one of the types of financial corruption has a very detrimental role on the economic. Planning the country's economic development and making decisions to implement economic policies requires recognition of the performance of the whole economy, including the formal and legal sector, and the informal and illegal sectors affected by money laundering. Hence, recognition of the consequences of money laundering shocks is a prelude to combating this phenomenon. This research has used dynamic stochastic general equilibrium models framework to model Iran's money laundering sector and investigate efficiency shocks for legal production and illegal production. The results show that the proposed model has been able to identify cyclical behavior and fluctuations of variables. The results of the research and comparison of a positive momentum of productivity in the legal and non legal production sectors indicate similar behavior of most variables except labor force in both sectors, so that the positive momentum of productivity in both legal and illegal production sectors increases the production of legal and illegal enterprises and the increase in total production, the level of labor wage and commodity prices in the legal sector, An increase in consumption in the illegal sector and an increase in the consumption of all goods, an increase in the amount of investment and a decrease in physical capital, and finally an increase in the demand for money and an increase in the interest rate.
Maryam Amini; Nematola Akbari; Rozita Moayedfar; Fatemeh Bazzazan
Abstract
Economic prosperity (recession) means that the GDP increases (decreases) between two consecutive periods. One of the important approaches in examining economic prosperity and recession is the use of the capital matrix. This matrix is a suitable solution for providing the analysis of calculable general ...
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Economic prosperity (recession) means that the GDP increases (decreases) between two consecutive periods. One of the important approaches in examining economic prosperity and recession is the use of the capital matrix. This matrix is a suitable solution for providing the analysis of calculable general equilibrium patterns such as the dynamic input-output model. However, the main problem in the country is the lack of regional capital matrix statistical data. Therefore, it is practically impossible to check economic prosperity and recession at the regional level. The aim of the current research is to provide a non-statistical solution based on the theoretical foundations of the data to estimate the regional capital matrix from the national capital matrix. Therefore, an effort is made to estimate the capital matrix of Isfahan province with the help of the development of Charm's non-statistical method by regionalizing the national capital matrix. To validate the estimates made from the development of the charm approach, the data of provincial and construction bank credits of the agricultural and construction sectors for the year 2015 will be used. Also, the capital formation data of the industry and mining sector were also extracted from the Isfahan province yearbook for the same year. On the other hand, in the following, the effect of time delay on the value of regional capital formation will be investigated using the Charm method developed. The results show that as the time interval increases, the estimated capital formation value of the region will be closer to the real capital formation value of the sector. This is truer in sectors that are inherently more disruptive. On the other hand, the results show that the most capital productions are related to industry, construction and agriculture sectors. Also, most capital purchases are related to industry, services and real estate sectors. On the other hand, the analysis of the regional capital matrix shows economic prosperity in 2015 for Isfahan province.
Economic Growth
aliasghar baharloo; Syed Abdulmajid Jalaee Esfandabadi; Mohsen Zayandeh Roodi
Abstract
Considering the role of capital as one of the most important factors which can affect production, job creation, and productive activities, this study was an attempt to investigate factors which can influence investment and the way they do so. To this end, this study benefitted from a dynamic computable ...
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Considering the role of capital as one of the most important factors which can affect production, job creation, and productive activities, this study was an attempt to investigate factors which can influence investment and the way they do so. To this end, this study benefitted from a dynamic computable general equilibrium model approach to simulate the effects of technology spillovers on economic and welfare variables involved in the investment of Iranian private sector in the country's economy. Accordingly, the study focused on changes in the production index of different economic sectors of Iran and changes in the consumption and price levels in the form of four different scenarios, namely doubling foreign direct investment, improving productivity through technology spillovers by using a coefficient of 0.0062, increasing import of capital and intermediate goods by 20%, and simultaneous application of the aforementioned three scenarios by using the 2013 Social Accounting Matrix for Iran. the results revealed, application of the first scenario can lead to an increase in the level of private sector investment in all the 14 sectors of Iran's economy and cause production growth. Moreover, application of the third scenario can cause the investment level of private sector to decrease. Finally, consideration of the fourth scenario, as compared to the other three scenarios, can be accompanied by a more considerable increase in the levels of production, private sector investment, household consumption, export, import, and thus households' welfare.
Mohammadreza Lali; Saeed Daei-Karimzadeh; Farzad Karimi
Abstract
Recent studies on complex networks in international trade show the number of partners; trade intensity, indirect trade connections and the central position of each partner in the trade network have significant effects on economic growth. The network analysis approach in investigating the effect of trade ...
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Recent studies on complex networks in international trade show the number of partners; trade intensity, indirect trade connections and the central position of each partner in the trade network have significant effects on economic growth. The network analysis approach in investigating the effect of trade on economic growth, unlike conventional methods, can identify and measure indirect trade relations (intermediary countries in trade) in international interactions. This research aims to investigate world trade centrality indicators’ effects on economic growth using panel data of 42 chosen countries of Asia and CIS, in two steps. At first, the weighted directional matrices of trade were made and then the centrality indices of the countries were calculated for the selected years according to a complex network approach. Then the effect of the aforementioned indices as an explanatory variable of trade on economic growth has been investigated, and these were compared with the effect of the trade openness ind
ex.The results of the research show that compared to the conventional indicator of the trade openness index, the centrality indicators of the world trade network show a better explanation of economic growth while having more effect. Among these, the closeness centrality (due to having a core role in the network and the entanglement of trade relations) and the eigenvector centrality (due to establishing relationships with countries that are connected with important partners in the network) have more effects on economic growth.
Mena Countries Group
Saeede Seydabadi; Ali Dehghani; Mohammd Ali Molaei
Abstract
Poverty is one of the most important economic issues in developing countries such as MENA. Poverty causes many social problems such as drug trafficking, theft, prostitution and corruption. On the other hand, corruption is a major problem in developing countries. Corruption destroys resources as well ...
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Poverty is one of the most important economic issues in developing countries such as MENA. Poverty causes many social problems such as drug trafficking, theft, prostitution and corruption. On the other hand, corruption is a major problem in developing countries. Corruption destroys resources as well as impedes the optimal allocation of resources. Statistics show that Iran is at a disadvantage both in terms of poverty and corruption. Therefore, considering the importance of fighting poverty and corruption, the main purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of poverty on corruption. The Human Development Index was used to measure poverty and the World Bank Corruption Control Index was used to measure corruption. The Bayesian Hierarchical method was used to estimate regression. The results showed that the variables of economic growth, and human development index have a negative impact and the variables of trade freedom index, foreign direct investment, and the share of government spending in GDP have a positive effect on corruption.
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Abstract
One of the characteristics of developed countries is the existence of efficient markets and financial institutions, which, while playing an important role in the economy of these countries, are also the basis for the economic growth and development of these countries. Today, in different countries, many ...
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One of the characteristics of developed countries is the existence of efficient markets and financial institutions, which, while playing an important role in the economy of these countries, are also the basis for the economic growth and development of these countries. Today, in different countries, many indicators are prepared by different statistical and scientific authorities such as government organizations, international organizations, universities and other centers in different fields and are made available to the public. Investigating the economic trends of countries helps traders. In this research, we have examined the impact of macro indicators on Iran's economic growth. The results show that the management of sanctions conditions and the consistent implementation of the resistance economy strategy during the beginning of the sixth plan strengthened the mentioned index, so that the average NSED has increased to the level between the second and third plans. According to the results of the Sensitivity analysis, the fourth and third plans have been distinguished as the most successful development programs, and the fifth and first programs with the weakest performance.
Farhad Khodadad Kashi; Nasser Ebrahimi; Siavash Jani
Abstract
Iran, especially the province of Golestan, has always been exposed to floods, and in addition to causing great damage to the country and the province of Golestan, no proper plan has yet been thought to reduce economic costs. This article tries to identify the key sectors of the province and evaluate ...
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Iran, especially the province of Golestan, has always been exposed to floods, and in addition to causing great damage to the country and the province of Golestan, no proper plan has yet been thought to reduce economic costs. This article tries to identify the key sectors of the province and evaluate the indirect damage of the flood through the construction and agriculture sectors on other sectors of the province. For this purpose, the regional input – output table with two demand side and supply side approaches is used to calculate the backward and forward linkages of the province´s sectors. The results indicate that the industry, construction and agriculture sectors are introduced as the key sectors of the province’s economy. According to both demand side and supply side approaches, two sectors of agriculture and industry suffer the most indirect damage due to the direct damage of the agriculture sector. According to the demand side approach, the result indicate that the most decrease in output is caused by direct damage to the construction sector, respectively, related to the industry, wholesale and retail sectors. On the other hand, industry and agriculture sectors experienced the most decrease in employment. The analysis of flood effects with a supply side approach indicates that the flood not only directly affects the construction sector, but also causes a decrease in employment in the industry, agriculture and construction sectors.
