Energy
Elham Nobahar; Neda Sadeghi
Abstract
Energy, as one of the most important factors of production, plays a crucial role in the economic growth of countries, but in today's world, addressing economic growth issues without considering the aspects of sustainable development and intergenerational consequences is impossible. Considering the importance ...
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Energy, as one of the most important factors of production, plays a crucial role in the economic growth of countries, but in today's world, addressing economic growth issues without considering the aspects of sustainable development and intergenerational consequences is impossible. Considering the importance and differences of renewable and non-renewable energies in the sustainable development of countries, the main purpose of this study is to examine the causal relationship between economic growth and the consumption of renewable and non-renewable energies in the D8 and G7 countries. Using two causality approaches, Dumitrescu-Hurlin (2012) and Konya (2006), this study investigates the relationship between these variables over the period from 2000 to 2022. The findings of this study reveal a unidirectional causality from GDP to renewable energy consumption in the D8 countries. Additionally, no causal relationship is observed between non-renewable energy consumption and GDP in these countries. In other words, in the D8 countries, economic growth is not influenced by energy consumption; however, as economic growth increases, these countries tend to adopt renewable energy sources. On the other hand, in the G7 countries that are more developed, the results indicate a unidirectional causal relationship from the consumption of renewable energy to GDP. Furthermore, the findings demonstrate a unidirectional causality from domestic gross production to non-renewable energy consumption. Hence, in the G7 countries, economic growth is influenced by the consumption of renewable energy and, in turn, impacts the consumption of non-renewable energy.
Energy
Dhulfiqar Hameed Abed Hameed Abed; Yousef Mohammadzadeh; Ali Rezazadeh
Abstract
Energy is one of the most important economic and even political challenges facing societies today. Reducing energy intensity or increasing energy efficiency is therefore a priority for policymakers in major countries. Importantly, with the phenomenon of globalisation, developments in one country spill ...
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Energy is one of the most important economic and even political challenges facing societies today. Reducing energy intensity or increasing energy efficiency is therefore a priority for policymakers in major countries. Importantly, with the phenomenon of globalisation, developments in one country spill over to other countries, which has received more attention in recent studies in this category. Therefore, the present study examines the energy intensity spillover and the factors influencing it, with a focus on the financial development among 35 Asian during the years 2000-2021. This study has used the dynamic spatial panel approach (with two SAR and SDM approaches) for this purpose. The results of this study show that energy intensity is spatially dispersed among neighbouring countries. In addition, financial development has a negative effect on energy intensity, so that countries with higher financial development have been able to reduce their energy intensity. Countries with an open economy were also better able to reduce energy intensity. On the other hand, countries that enjoyed more natural resource rents had significantly higher energy intensities. Controlling corruption in countries can also have a significant impact on reducing energy intensity.
Energy
Nasim Masoudi; nazar dahmardeh; Marziye Esfandiyari
Abstract
The widespread consumption of non-renewable energy, along with the widespread increase in economic activity over the past few decades, has had broad environmental implications. These consequences include rising global temperatures, climate change, rising sea levels, and ultimately escalating international ...
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The widespread consumption of non-renewable energy, along with the widespread increase in economic activity over the past few decades, has had broad environmental implications. These consequences include rising global temperatures, climate change, rising sea levels, and ultimately escalating international disputes. In recent years, some countries have begun extensive efforts to make more use of renewable energy potentials. These efforts have been in line with the greater benefits of using these energies as well as observing international agreements to reduce global temperatures. Indeed, in recent decades sustainable economic growth has become an important goal for most of the world's economies. To this end is necessary to stabilize or reduce greenhouse gas emissions. This necessitates the transition from polluting energy-based economic activities to less environmentally-friendly, technology-based and consumer-friendly economic activities. CO2 was selected by the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) in selected countries using a static, dynamic, and long-term coefficient of combined data over the period 1990–2016. The results of this study showed that technical innovations and non-renewable energies had a positive effect on CO2 emissions, but the effect of renewable energies on CO2 emissions was negative and significant. Also, the effect of economic growth on CO2 emission is Positive and significant.
Energy
ebrahim ghaed; Ali Dehghani; Mohammad Fattahy
Abstract
Abstract: The main objective of this study is to investigate the effect of Types the renewable energy production on Iran’s economic growth during the period of 2008-2017. For this analysis, Vector Autoregressive Model, Johansson-Juselius method and Vector Error Correction Model are used. In accordance ...
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Abstract: The main objective of this study is to investigate the effect of Types the renewable energy production on Iran’s economic growth during the period of 2008-2017. For this analysis, Vector Autoregressive Model, Johansson-Juselius method and Vector Error Correction Model are used. In accordance with the obtained results, the effect of the variables’ coefficients is coincident based on the theoretical foundations and statistically significant. The results indicate that in the long run, the variables of renewable energy investment by the private sector, the power generation from the renewable energy, and the consumption of renewable energies, which are considered as indicators for renewable energies, have a positive and significant effect on the economic growth. The coefficient of the error correction method indicates that about 0.62 of the short-term imbalance is adjusted in each period to achieve the long-term equilibrium. Further, in the long run, a one percentage increase in the labor force variables, renewable energy investment by the private sector, electricity generation from renewable energy, and the Production of Types renewable energies) Wind, Solar, Hydro and geothermal) leads to 0.87, 1.17, 6.44, 4.29, 2.09, 1.78 and 1.56 percentage increase in the economic growth, respectivel and it became clear that It was found that among renewable energy sources, the effect of wind energy on growth is higher than other energies and we have to prioritize investment in wind energy. Therefore, according to the results of the research, the political recommendation is that, considering the process of the types of renewable energy sources in Iran, since wind energy has the greatest effect on economic growth compared to other energy sources. By investing in this unit, the share of renewable energy use in Iran could be increased Key words: Renewable energy, Economic Growth, Vector Error Correction Model and Johansson-Juselius method JEL: O13, C13, G21, C22
Energy
Mohammad hassan ghazvinian; KAMBIZ HOZHABR KIANI; Ali Dehghani; Fatemeh Zandi; Khalil Saeedi
Abstract
Planning and policy making in the field of economic growth as one of the major macroeconomic goals requires special attention to the energy sector, the environment and its relation to production. Hence, in this paper, the effects of energy consumption shocks on carbon dioxide emissions and economic growth ...
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Planning and policy making in the field of economic growth as one of the major macroeconomic goals requires special attention to the energy sector, the environment and its relation to production. Hence, in this paper, the effects of energy consumption shocks on carbon dioxide emissions and economic growth in selected countries of the MENA have been studied using the PVAR approach as well as Iran using the VAR method, and the results indicate that the energy shocks would initially lead to a relatively high increase and then a decrease in per capita GDP in the selected countries. The energy shock also initially increased carbon dioxide emissions and subsequently reduced pollution in subsequent periods and will move to the balance in long-term; also, in the Iranian economy, a shock to energy consumption first begans to sharply increase in economic growth after four periods, and eventually returns to a long-term equilibrium. Eventually, with a shock in total energy consumption, carbon dioxide emissions are mildly increased and then begin to decrease from the third period. Total energy consumption, foreign direct investment, labor force, and capital stock have a direct and significant relationship with economic growth, but carbon dioxide emissions have a significant negative relationship in Iran's economy.
Energy
Davood Manzoor; Vahid Aryanpur
Volume 8, Issue 30 , April 2018, , Pages 67-82
Abstract
This paper mainly focuses on the development of electricity supply system in Iran. A bottom-up energy system model is employed to identify the optimal generation mix. The model minimizes the total system costs using linear mix-integer programming under a set of technical, economic and environmental constraints. ...
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This paper mainly focuses on the development of electricity supply system in Iran. A bottom-up energy system model is employed to identify the optimal generation mix. The model minimizes the total system costs using linear mix-integer programming under a set of technical, economic and environmental constraints. Then, the optimal generation mix is compared with the actual transition pathway during the planning horizon. The comparison of historical development trend with the optimal scenario (model results) indicates that: 1- The average efficiency of thermal power plants is 4.5 percent lower than the optimal conditions, 2- Optimal pathway could save 90 billion cubic meters of natural gas and prevent CO2 emissions of 400 million tonnes over the study period, and 3- The annual additional costs of $630 million was imposed due to lack of funding.
Energy
rozbeh baloon nejad
Volume 8, Issue 30 , April 2018, , Pages 167-187
Abstract
Optimum pricing of energy carriers is one of the effective tools for improving the efficiency of energy-scarce resources. Considering the importance of increasing the price of energy carriers and their impact on the economy, more comprehensive studies in this area seem necessary. Considering the importance ...
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Optimum pricing of energy carriers is one of the effective tools for improving the efficiency of energy-scarce resources. Considering the importance of increasing the price of energy carriers and their impact on the economy, more comprehensive studies in this area seem necessary. Considering the importance of increasing the price of energy carriers and its impact on the economy more comprehensive studies in this area seem necessary. In this research the increase in the price of energy carriers and its effects on household consumption expenditure are based on two methods of pricing the output of government price control and the method of partitioning the economic sectors into energy and non-energy using the net output table to the base prices of Central Bank of 2005. The findings of this study assuming that the dimensions of the household are not considered, suggests that the modification of the price of energy carriers reduces the consumption of households in terms of quantity and rank. By modifying the price of gasoline based on the implementation of the second phase of the law,the objective of subsidies in the energy and non-energy sector is increasing and in the state control and non-control method ignoring the slight changes will have a neutral effect on the share of household consumption expenditure. The correction of natural gas prices in the energy and non-energy method has a decreasing effect and in the control and non-control method of the government here will be a decreasing effect on the share of consumption expenditures. If we do not consider these very slight changes it could be said that the rise in natural gas prices has a detrimental effect on household expenditures. Finally, he change in electricity prices in a non-energy and energy way will decrease the effect and in the control and non-control method of government will have a decreasing effect on the share of consumption of households. Therefore comparing the two models shows that the gradual correction of the price of energy carriers has less distributive effects and reduces the share of household consumption expenditures but reduces the level of vulnerability of households to the simultaneous rectification of prices.
Energy
Shokooh Mahmoodi; seyed abdolmajid jalaee esfand abadi
Volume 7, Issue 28 , September 2017, , Pages 127-140
Abstract
In this research the effect of energy intensity shocks on energy use of three sectors of economy is studied through input-output table and the dependence of every following section on energy section is computed by calculating forward linkage index of energy sector with each following section. The results ...
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In this research the effect of energy intensity shocks on energy use of three sectors of economy is studied through input-output table and the dependence of every following section on energy section is computed by calculating forward linkage index of energy sector with each following section. The results show that industy sector has most dependence on energy sector and provide 3% of it’s input from energy sector and after that services and agriculture sectors provide 1.3 and 1.2 percent of their input from energy sector. The coefficients of sensitivity and Power of Dispersion Index of energy sector associated with the agricultural sector indicate that the impact of energy sector on the agricultural sector is greater than the influence of this sector from agricultural sector. By calculating energy intensity shock and considering it’s effect on energy use of economy sectors, forward linkage index of energy sector with each sector is increased equally and also their dependence is increased too.
Energy
Mohammad Hossein Ehsanfar
Volume 7, Issue 25 , November 2016, , Pages 85-96
Abstract
Energy is a basic need to continuity in economic development, supplying and providing welfare and comfort in human life. Due to the limitation and scarcity of resources and also considering the extended role and importance of energy in countries’ growth and economic development, determining the ...
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Energy is a basic need to continuity in economic development, supplying and providing welfare and comfort in human life. Due to the limitation and scarcity of resources and also considering the extended role and importance of energy in countries’ growth and economic development, determining the effective elements on energy demand is of a special importance. There have been many studies on energy demand in Iran. But this study has taken a different approach. This study deals with both the effect of energy market integration and the effect of economic growth on energy consumption in Iran’s economy during 1975 to 2014, using generalized method of moments. In this study, empirical results showed that integration of energy market and economic growth has significant positive effects on energy consumption. Also the price elasticity of energy demand in all models indicate the low elasticity in Iran’s economy during the mentioned years. Income elasticity has been estimated larger than one in final models.
Energy
Atefeh Taklif; Teymoor Mohammadi; Mohsen Bakhtiar
Volume 7, Issue 25 , November 2016, , Pages 147-161
Abstract
In this paper, optimal development of Iran’s power sector over a long-term period from 2015 to 2050 is investigated. In this paper a system-engineering optimization model (MESSAGE) has been used to explore the medium to long-term power supply options. Minimization of the total system costs for ...
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In this paper, optimal development of Iran’s power sector over a long-term period from 2015 to 2050 is investigated. In this paper a system-engineering optimization model (MESSAGE) has been used to explore the medium to long-term power supply options. Minimization of the total system costs for the whole study period is the criterion used for optimization of the MESSAGE model. The main focus of this study is analyzing penetration of renewable energy sources under different scenarios. The main scenarios are defined based on the fossil fuel prices and demand changes. Moreover, the sensitivity analysis is performed to evaluate the impact of the discount rate on the main results. The results indicate that the total installed capacity would be 160 GW in 2050 under an optimistic scenario, while BAU scenario calls for 250 GW capacity in the same year. The share of renewable energy sources and nuclear power plants would achieve to 25% and 15% under the optimistic condition. The findings reveal that development of green technologies requires a reasonable discount rate below 8%.
Energy
Mehdi Sadeghi Shahdani
Volume 6, Issue 24 , September 2016, , Pages 145-156
Abstract
Since efficiency improvements may be viewed as a form of technical change that both reduces the effective cost of energy services and stimulates economic activity, energy demand may, under some circumstances ,rise even as energy productivity improves. This paper examines this hypothesis using a simple ...
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Since efficiency improvements may be viewed as a form of technical change that both reduces the effective cost of energy services and stimulates economic activity, energy demand may, under some circumstances ,rise even as energy productivity improves. This paper examines this hypothesis using a simple model that distinguishes the roles of energy and energy services in production activities. This paper considers a model of economicgrowth where improvements in energy efficiencyconstitute a form of technicalchange that stimulates increased levels of capitalinvestment and economic activity. The model examined here include energy services, notenergy per se, in the aggregate productionfunction. A structure is specified in which energyservices are produced using both energyand non-energy inputs like capital stock. In this model, improvedenergy efficiency entails increased energyuse only if (i) energy accounts for a largefraction of the total cost of energy services and(ii) the production of energy services constitutes a substantial fraction of economic activity. The theoretical model examined in this paper employs a number of simplifying assumptions that might be generalized in future research. The model’s focus on the Cobb-Douglas production function, where the elasticity of substitution between energy services and other inputs is set equal to one, constitutes something of a special case. The Cobb-Douglas functional form is useful because it permits the analysis of closed-form solutions to the model. Relaxing this assumption is unlikely to affect the insights that emerge by developing the distinction between energy use and energy services. According to the model justified for Iran , improvements in energy will cause a net increase in energy use and economic activity. Additionally , changes in the cost of energy services have identical impacts on capital accumulation and long run economic growth. Changes in unit cost will have major impacts on aggregate economic activity if energy services constitute a large share of gross output.
Energy
Roohollah Mahdavi
Volume 6, Issue 22 , January 2016, , Pages 36-21
Abstract
The Effects of energy carriers price reform policy such as households demand and welfare decrease led to decision-makers attend to revenue recycling of this policy and its injection to the economy as a way to reduce or elimination of mentioned costs. Therefore, in Present research, using the Computable ...
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The Effects of energy carriers price reform policy such as households demand and welfare decrease led to decision-makers attend to revenue recycling of this policy and its injection to the economy as a way to reduce or elimination of mentioned costs. Therefore, in Present research, using the Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model based on Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) 1385, the economic effects of policies of guiding revenue of energy carriers price reform has been analyzed. In this research, three distribution policy 1) cash payment, 2) payment reduction of households to the government and 3) subsidies to the production sector has been considered in the form of different scenarios and situations. The simulation results of scenarios illustrates that if government doesn’t distribute revenue from energy carriers price reform, then householdswelfare will have the most decrease. In addition, if government consider the combination of three methods or a combination of first and second methods as method of revenue allocation of energy carriers price reform, then households demand and welfare will have at least decrease.
Economic Growth
Reza Akbarian; Ali Ghaedi
Volume 1, Issue 3 , January 2012, , Pages 48-11
Abstract
One of the economic goals in many countries is providing favorable conditions to boost economic growth. One of the favorable conditions for increasing the production and economic growth is investment in economic infrastructures. In general, investment in economic infrastructures, boost production and ...
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One of the economic goals in many countries is providing favorable conditions to boost economic growth. One of the favorable conditions for increasing the production and economic growth is investment in economic infrastructures. In general, investment in economic infrastructures, boost production and economic growth through increasing the factors such as: productivity, development of market area, equilibrium between supply and demand, creating positive externality effects, making better environment for competition and increasing the welfare level. The objectives of this study are investigating the effect of investment per worker in economic infrastructures on the non-oil gross domestic production per worker and investigating the interaction of capital per worker, non-oil economic growth per worker and investment per worker in economic infrastructures. Vector autoregressive model has been used for empirical investigation during the period of 1961-2006. The empirical results of this study show that in long run the effect of investment per worker in the economic infrastructures on the non-oil gross domestic production per worker is positive and investment per worker in the communication infrastructures has the highest effect and investment per worker in energy infrastructure has the lowest effect on the non-oil domestic production per worker. Empirical results also show that in short run the relationship between non-oil economic growth per worker and investment growth per worker in the economic infrastructures is insignificant, but the effect of capital growth per worker on the non-oil economic growth per worker and investment per worker in the infrastructures is significant and positive.
