Economic Growth
Farhad khodadad kashi; samaneh noraniazad; somayeh shateri
Abstract
Although economic growth is affected by the growth of factors of production, governance and government size were also effective on economic growth. In this study, the impact of government size and governance on the economic growth of perspective document countries evaluated over the period 2006-2017. ...
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Although economic growth is affected by the growth of factors of production, governance and government size were also effective on economic growth. In this study, the impact of government size and governance on the economic growth of perspective document countries evaluated over the period 2006-2017. To meet this end, The World Bank database and data of perspective document countries were used. Moreover, the optimum size of the government evaluated based on the proposed Baro method. This article sought to estimate the effect of government size and governance by using panel data and the threshold nonlinear two-stage generalized method of moment. The findings indicated that the average optimal size of the government was 18.38% of the gross domestic product. Also, in countries with less government size, the growth of government expenditures had a positive effect on economic growth, while countries with a government size larger than optimal, government spending had a negative effect on economic growth. In addition, the results confirmed economic growth was affected by the governance of the state.
Economic Growth
Hassan Khodavaisi; Ahmad Ezzati Shourgoli
Volume 8, Issue 31 , June 2018, , Pages 151-168
Abstract
Barro (1990) by adding government spending into the growth models showed that the amount of government activities have a positive impact on economic growth, but if government spending is increased over a certain size, government activities will have a negative impact on economic growth. In this direction, ...
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Barro (1990) by adding government spending into the growth models showed that the amount of government activities have a positive impact on economic growth, but if government spending is increased over a certain size, government activities will have a negative impact on economic growth. In this direction, this paper by using theoretical Barro growth model and an empirical model for Iranian economy tries to investigate the impact of current and capital government expenditure on output growth using ARDL approach and state-space models applying quarterly data during 1967-2014. First, using Lumsdaine-Papell (1997) unit root test and Gregory-Hansen (1996) and Saikkonen and Lutkepohl (2002) cointegration test we determine the degree of integration and cointegration of the variables. The results indicate that there are structural breaks in the variables under study and these breaks affect the relationship between variables. Then we use ARDL model, considering structural breaks, to determine threshold level for current government expenditure which is 15.2 percent and for capital government expenditure which is 8.2 percent of GDP per head. Regarding Lucas theoretical critique and empirical structural breaks in the Iranian economy, we use state space model to investigate relationship between growth and the government size and the results indicate that coefficients are not stable during time and they behave differently regarding the source of the shock.
Dynamic Panel Data
Franak Aghazadeh bektash; Monireh Dizaji
Volume 7, Issue 27 , July 2017, , Pages 125-142
Abstract
Quality of government intervention in the economy or in other words the efficiency and effectiveness of government, has a close relation with the development.Because policy makers are often ineffective, inefficient bureaucracy will be created. The inefficiency of the government can be very dangerous ...
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Quality of government intervention in the economy or in other words the efficiency and effectiveness of government, has a close relation with the development.Because policy makers are often ineffective, inefficient bureaucracy will be created. The inefficiency of the government can be very dangerous for development and economic security and will lead to waste of resources, monopolism, mistrust of government, economic instability and inappropriate institutionalization. This research examines the empirical relationship between the efficiency and effectiveness of government and economic growth in the context of GMM model using combined data for 121 countries of the world in the period from 1996 to 2013 in two separate groups for developing as well as developed coutries. The results show the positive impact of the efficiency and effectiveness of government spending on economic growth.
Economic Growth
Yousef Mohammadzadeh; Samad Hekmati Farid; Elmira Sharifi
Volume 7, Issue 26 , February 2017, , Pages 97-112
Abstract
Although it is generally agreed that there is a role for the government to redistribute income in favor of the poor and provide public goods and services, there is considerable disagreement over how far the government should go in these areas.On this issue, a variety of conflicting theoretical explanations ...
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Although it is generally agreed that there is a role for the government to redistribute income in favor of the poor and provide public goods and services, there is considerable disagreement over how far the government should go in these areas.On this issue, a variety of conflicting theoretical explanations has been advanced that can only be resolved through empiricalinvestigations. According to importance of this issue the important question arises that, what is the effect of government size on good governance and economic performance? This study examines the relationship between government size, good governance and economic performance by estimating dynamic models using panel data from 50 selected countries for the period 1996-2013.The results show that the government size, and inflation have a negative and statistically significant effect on good governance indicator. Also employment index has a positive and significant impact on good governance indicator.The growth model also indicates that the government size has a negative and good governance indicator has a positive effect on economic growth. The interactions effects of government size and good governance indicator show that the size of government through governance indicator has a negative impact on economic growth. Also human development index, foreign direct investment, export and ICT's share of the imported goods have positive and significant effect on economic growth. Shrinking the size of the government and reducing its involvement in the economy, are two key policy recommendations of this study.
Saeed Karimi; Younes Nademi; Hoda Zobeiri
Volume 5, Issue 18 , March 2015, , Pages 64-51
Abstract
Unemployment is one of the most important challenges of Iranian economy that affects the society and economic performance. The aim of this paper is to investigate the impact of government size on unemployment rate in Iranian economy. By using the model of Christopoulos, Loizides & Tsionas (2005), ...
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Unemployment is one of the most important challenges of Iranian economy that affects the society and economic performance. The aim of this paper is to investigate the impact of government size on unemployment rate in Iranian economy. By using the model of Christopoulos, Loizides & Tsionas (2005), the relationship between government size and unemployment has been investigated during 1974-2012. The results of threshold model indicate that when the government size is less than 0.2484, increasing of government size has a significant negative impact on unemployment but after the mentioned threshold value, due to crowding out effect of government intervence, government size has a significant positive impact on unemployment. Also, the results of estimation show that inflation has a significant negative impact on unemployment that confirms Philips curve in Iranian economy.
Bahram Sahabi; Mansor Etesami; Khaled Aminpour
Volume 3, Issue 12 , November 2013, , Pages 118-105
Abstract
Growth of financial economics literature in recent decades has clearly shown that financial development facilitates economic growth. Important question is that why some countries have more developed financial sectors than others. In this study, effect of government size and good governance on financial ...
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Growth of financial economics literature in recent decades has clearly shown that financial development facilitates economic growth. Important question is that why some countries have more developed financial sectors than others. In this study, effect of government size and good governance on financial development was considered by using statistical data, including 76 developing and developed countries in time period of 1996 to 2011. The relationship between the variables was estimated with Generalized Moment Method (GMM). The results showed that government size and good governance has negative and positive effects on financial sector development, respectively. Also, for the purpose of adapting and improving of the results, effect of government size and good governance on financial sector development was separately examined in developing and developed countries, which supported the previous results. The results confirmed the political view and the analysis of results also demonstrated that inflation has the highest influence on financial sector development in developing countries.
Zahra Afshari; Shamsolah Shirin Bakhsh; Seyedeh Nesar Ebrahimi
Volume 2, Issue 8 , December 2012, , Pages 50-37
Abstract
Government size has negative and positive impact on economic growth. In this paper, we conduct an analysis with dealing the impact of government size on human development index (HDI). The regression will be empirically analyzed using generalized method of moments (GMM) with two staged least ...
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Government size has negative and positive impact on economic growth. In this paper, we conduct an analysis with dealing the impact of government size on human development index (HDI). The regression will be empirically analyzed using generalized method of moments (GMM) with two staged least squares in a panel data framework for 30 developed and 34 developing nations for 1980-2009. The impact of government size (measured by consumption and investment expenditures) on HDI is studied. The results reveal that the optimal size of government consumption expenditure on HDI in developed countries is greater than the developing countries. While, in developing countries the government investment reveals a linear and increasing patterns.
Hasan Sadeghi; Majid Sameti; Morteza Sameti
Volume 2, Issue 6 , May 2012, , Pages 249-209
Abstract
Economic development programs, especially in developing countries, as much as national economies interaction with the global economy, are affected ...
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Economic development programs, especially in developing countries, as much as national economies interaction with the global economy, are affected by economic globalization process. It has also been shown that the national economies, are seriously affected by this phenomenon. Economic development at the national level, without the active interaction with the global economy suffers a serious challenge. On the other hand, the development programs in developing countries are influenced by the size of government. Towards globalization, governments should take actions to create and promote a competitive environment. In too many studies, the impact of globalization on government size has been analyzed but the results have not been the same. In this paper, using panel data and econometric methods, the effects of globalization on the size of government in selected Asian countries (Indonesia, Thailand, Philippines, Malaysia and Iran) have been studied. The results show that economic globalization has not reduced the size of government in these selected countries.
