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Bahman Ghadami Damabi; Mohammad Hassan Fotros; Ghlamali Haji
Abstract
The present study aims to model the dynamic relationship between institutional indicators, environmental pollution, economic development, and public health in MENA member countries. This applied research covers the period from 2010 to 2023. To model the dynamic relationships between the variables, the ...
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The present study aims to model the dynamic relationship between institutional indicators, environmental pollution, economic development, and public health in MENA member countries. This applied research covers the period from 2010 to 2023. To model the dynamic relationships between the variables, the Time-Varying Parameter Panel Factor-Augmented Vector Autoregression (TVP-PFAVAR) approach has been employed.The results indicate the presence of a nonlinear dynamic behavior among the study variables. Accordingly, the TVP-PFAVAR model was used instead of traditional panel vector autoregressive models. Based on the findings, institutional indicators have a positive effect on economic development and public health while reducing environmental pollution. Additionally, economic development positively and increasingly influences institutional indicators, public health, and environmental pollution. The results further reveal that public health has a positive impact on institutional indicators and economic development, but a negative effect on environmental pollution. Moreover, environmental pollution negatively affects all three indicators.It is noteworthy that, in general, the long-term trends of the variables had a stronger impact on each other compared to their short-term trends, reflecting the Le Chatelier principle among MENA countries. According to this principle, variables have more opportunities to influence one another over the long run.
توسعه مالی
Majid Aghaei
Abstract
Green investment, as a key instrument for achieving economic growth, sustainable development, and combating climate change, faces unique challenges in resource-dependent economies. This study examines the impact of financial development on green investment, with a specific focus on the moderating role ...
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Green investment, as a key instrument for achieving economic growth, sustainable development, and combating climate change, faces unique challenges in resource-dependent economies. This study examines the impact of financial development on green investment, with a specific focus on the moderating role of natural resource abundance, using data from 133 resource-rich developing countries over the period 1990–2021. Nonlinear relationships and threshold effects were analyzed using the Panel Smooth Transition Regression (PSTR) model. The results reveal a two-regime structure in the relationship between financial development and green investment, with the estimated threshold for natural resource rents at approximately 3.22% of GDP. In the first regime (low resource rents), financial development, resource rents, institutional quality, human capital, GDP, and foreign direct investment all exhibit positive and significant effects on green investment. In contrast, in the second regime (high resource rents), the effects of financial development and resource rents weaken and even turn negative, consistent with the resource curse hypothesis. However, institutional quality, human capital, and foreign direct investment demonstrate stronger positive effects in this regime, indicating their capacity to mitigate some of the adverse consequences of resource abundance. The findings suggest that a successful transition to a low-carbon economy in resource-dependent countries requires combining financial development with institutional strengthening, economic diversification, human capital enhancement, and effective attraction of foreign direct investment.
bagher darvishi; fereshteh mohamadian; Ali asghar salem
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate the regionalization of subsidies at the level of rural areas of Iran. In this regard, poverty line and poverty indicators were calculated based on the income -expenditures data of rural households in 2022.Then,by using the hierarchical clustering method, the ...
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The purpose of this study is to investigate the regionalization of subsidies at the level of rural areas of Iran. In this regard, poverty line and poverty indicators were calculated based on the income -expenditures data of rural households in 2022.Then,by using the hierarchical clustering method, the rural areas of the provinces were classified into eight clusters, and finally, using a numerical method that maximizes the reduction in the poverty indicators by group transfers , the results of national and regional targeting were compared. The results show that the characteristics of household size, head education and the number of members under six years of age are the most effective for targeting poverty. Despite this issue, the results revealed significant differences. This difference exists in the demographic share of the target groups, the amount of subsidies paid, the effectiveness of targeting and in poverty reduction. Therefore,even if the policy maker wants to target the same households at the national and regional level based on individual characteristics or a combination of them, it is still necessary to pay different amounts to the same population groups at the level of different regions. Also, it should not be assumed that using a targeting method alone will solve all the problems of identifying the poor, but for more efficiency, it is necessary to use a combination of targeting methods, in this context, the geographic/regional targeting method is generally used as the first step.
Cultural Development
Mehran Rajabi; Nazar Dahmardeh Ghaleno; Marziyeh Ghasemi
Abstract
This study investigates the impact of technological factors on the exports of creative industries in the United States, the United Kingdom, Iran, Japan, Australia, and South Korea over the period 2004–2020. Using panel data for these leading countries and applying stationarity tests, a fixed-effects ...
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This study investigates the impact of technological factors on the exports of creative industries in the United States, the United Kingdom, Iran, Japan, Australia, and South Korea over the period 2004–2020. Using panel data for these leading countries and applying stationarity tests, a fixed-effects panel regression model was employed to analyze the relationships between patent applications, high-technology exports, research and development (R&D) expenditures, and creative industries exports. The findings reveal that patent applications exert the most significant and positive effect on creative industries exports. In addition, high-technology exports and R&D expenditures considerably enhance the exports of these industries. Diagnostic tests confirmed the validity of the results, and the model was statistically robust and explanatory. Considering Iran’s specific position among the countries studied, the potential capacities of technology and innovation in Iran—despite structural barriers and economic constraints—indicate opportunities for the growth of creative industries exports. This study highlights the importance of targeted investment and supportive policies for fostering innovation and advanced technologies in Iran and may serve as a guide for policymakers in designing sustainable and innovative export strategies
Economic Growth
Ali Hasanvand; Bahar Salarvand
Abstract
This study examines the heterogeneous effects of financial development, the energy trilemma index, and economic complexity on economic growth in N11 countries during 2000–2023. Using the Method of Moments Quantile Regression (MMQR), the analysis captures how these factors affect different points ...
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This study examines the heterogeneous effects of financial development, the energy trilemma index, and economic complexity on economic growth in N11 countries during 2000–2023. Using the Method of Moments Quantile Regression (MMQR), the analysis captures how these factors affect different points of the growth distribution. The Pesaran slope homogeneity test rejected coefficient homogeneity, validating the MMQR approach. To ensure robustness for average effects, additional estimations were conducted using Panel Corrected Standard Errors (PCSE), Driscoll-Kraay, and Feasible Generalized Least Squares (FGLS). Results from MMQR indicate substantial heterogeneity: financial development and urbanization positively and significantly affect growth across most quantiles, though the impact of urbanization slightly weakens at higher quantiles. Renewable energy consumption, the energy trilemma index, and economic complexity show stronger positive effects in the lower and middle quantiles, whereas foreign direct investment becomes more influential in higher quantiles. Robustness checks confirm the general positive and significant influence of all variables on growth. The findings highlight the importance of tailored policy approaches: countries with lower growth should prioritize improving the energy trilemma, enhancing economic complexity, and expanding renewable energy, while those with higher growth should focus on attracting foreign investment and strengthening financial systems. These insights underscore the need for differentiated growth strategies aligned with each country’s position in the growth distribution.
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Saleh Taheri Bazkhaneh
Abstract
Following the 2008 global financial crisis, the relationship between economic policy uncertainty (EPU) and exchange rate dynamics has garnered significant attention. In Iran, this nexus is particularly complex due to structural shocks and extensive interventions. This study employs a Continuous Wavelet ...
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Following the 2008 global financial crisis, the relationship between economic policy uncertainty (EPU) and exchange rate dynamics has garnered significant attention. In Iran, this nexus is particularly complex due to structural shocks and extensive interventions. This study employs a Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT) to analyze quarterly data from 1980:Q1 to 2024:Q2, dissecting the dynamic relationship across various time-frequency domains.The findings reveal that in the short run (less than 1 year), a strong, in-phase feedback loop exists between EPU and the exchange rate, where each variable reinforces the other. In the medium run (1–4 years), the relationship becomes more intricate; alongside the persistent in-phase causality, an inverse relationship from the exchange rate to EPU emerges, indicating adaptive economic responses. In the long run (more than 4 years), a stable and unidirectional inverse causality from the exchange rate to EPU is observed. This time-horizon decomposition is based on the standard wavelet analysis literature, distinguishing between business, cyclical, and long-term components.This finding confirms that artificially suppressing the exchange rate as a stabilization tool is counterproductive, as it merely shifts policy uncertainty to longer horizons, thereby contradicting its objective.
توسعه مالی
saeed Kianpoor; Reza Shamsolahi
Abstract
The main objective of this study is to examine the impact of digitalization, green investment, and financial development on Iran's economic sustainability using the wavelet quantile model to estimate short-term, medium-term, and long-term effects during the period 1379-1402. The results show that digitalization, ...
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The main objective of this study is to examine the impact of digitalization, green investment, and financial development on Iran's economic sustainability using the wavelet quantile model to estimate short-term, medium-term, and long-term effects during the period 1379-1402. The results show that digitalization, especially in the industrial and financial services sectors, has a significant impact on increasing economic sustainability. Also, green investment and sustainable projects have a positive and significant impact on Iran's economic sustainability. In this regard, financial development directly affects the strengthening of the country's economic sustainability through better access to financial resources and strengthening economic infrastructure. In this study, using quantitative analyses and various models, the effects of these factors on economic sustainability in the short and long term are examined and their economic results are provided to policymakers and researchers. This study emphasizes the importance of paying attention to these factors in the country's economic policies and provides practical suggestions for improving Iran's economic sustainability.
