Document Type : Quarterly Journal
Authors
1 Ph.D. Student in Economics, Faculty of e University of Urmia, Iran
2 Associate Prof., Faculty of Economic and Management, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
3 Prof., Faculty of Economic and Management, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
4 Associate Prof., Faculty of Economic and Management, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
Abstract
globalization has different aspects including economic, cultural and political, Also the effects of globalization are different in developing and developed countries, And according to the theoretical point of view, the effect of globalization on economic growth varies over time. Therefore, in the present study, using the time-varying non-parametric panel data model and applying three different aspects of economic, cultural and political globalization KOF index, and considering the de facto and de jure effects of the mentioned index. It has been investigated the different effects of globalization over time on the GDP per capita of countries with high per capita income (28 countries) and middle per capita income (36 countries).
The results of estimating the model used in this research based on the local linear dummy variable method for time-varying non-parametric panel data showed that by dividing globalization into de facto and de jure aspects determined Both de facto and de jure aspects of economic globalization during the period from 1980 to 2019 on average have led to economic growth in countries with high per capita income. But de jure aspects of economic globalization almost had a positive effect on the economic growth of countries with middle per capita income especially after 1995 to 2019 And economic globalization has a negative effect on the economic growth of these types of countries from an de facto aspect in most of the investigated years.
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