Document Type : ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Authors
1 Professor of Economics, Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics, Management and Accounting, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran
2 PhD Student in Economics, Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics, Management and Accounting, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran 2. Professor of Economics, Department
Abstract
Women's participation in the labor market has an effect not only on the economic development of a country but also on contribution to gender equality. In addition, empowering women can lead to an improvement in household welfare by reducing the dependency ratio and increasing per capita income. Although various social, cultural, political, and economic factors affect women's entry into the labor market, the wages paid to women compared to men can be an important factor in women's decision to participate in the labor market. This research was designed to investigate the factors affecting women's economic participation with an emphasis on gender wage discrimination in the years 1385-1400 with five-year intervals and separated by the provinces of Iran, and the wage gender discrimination in this research was calculated using the Neomark method. The results show that the variables of the unemployment rate, the proportion of poor people, the share of female students, and mobile phones have had a positive and significant effect on the participation of women in the labor market of urban areas. While the gender wage discrimination variable has a negative and significant effect on women's decision to enter the labor market. Therefore, adopting policies aimed at improving women's education as a way to promote their economic participation can be considered. In addition, policies to reduce gender wage discrimination are considered as an effective measure in increasing the economic participation of women compared to men.
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