total factor productivity of production؛
samaneh talei ardakani
Abstract
In addition to the impact of traditional factors of production such as labor and capital on economic growth, the impact of productivity has always been the focus of growth and development economists. Given the fundamental role of the industry sector as a driver of the country's economic development, ...
Read More
In addition to the impact of traditional factors of production such as labor and capital on economic growth, the impact of productivity has always been the focus of growth and development economists. Given the fundamental role of the industry sector as a driver of the country's economic development, identifying the factors affecting the productivity of this sector can provide a basis for enhancing its share in GDP growth. Accordingly, the present study attempts to evaluate the impact of industry taxation on productivity of Iranian manufacturing industries during the Fifth Development Plan (2011-2015). In addition, this paper attempts to examine the relationship between variables such as investment in industry and compensation of payroll services (salaries and benefits) with total labor productivity. In this regard, the desired data were obtained from the statistical yearbook of the country and the results of the censuses of the country's manufacturing firms and the total labor productivity index was calculated by using the output data of firms. Then, the relationship between tax value and total labor productivity index is evaluated using integrated data panel data method. The results show that at the significant level of 5%, coefficients of tax variables and compensation of wage earners have a positive and significant relationship with productivity and also the investment coefficient at the significant level of 10% has a positive effect on the dependent variable. In other words, with the increase in taxation, the productivity of the entire workforce has also increased, and manufacturing industries have sought to offset some of its costs by increasing productivity. But based on the coefficient of estimation, the severity of tax on the impact of industrial productivity is weak.
Economic Growth
Babak Cheraghi; Taghi Torabi; Teymour Mohammadi; Mehdi Taghavi
Abstract
This research has examined the factors of non-realizing sustainable economic growth in terms of social capital in Iran's economy. For this purpose, at first, the provinces of the country were categorized into three regions, based on six individual trust-sensitive key economic variables (including Entrepreneurship, ...
Read More
This research has examined the factors of non-realizing sustainable economic growth in terms of social capital in Iran's economy. For this purpose, at first, the provinces of the country were categorized into three regions, based on six individual trust-sensitive key economic variables (including Entrepreneurship, Level of Education , Employment, Per capita Real Production, Labour Productivity, and Female Labour Market Participation) ,by using the clustering and discriminant analysis methods. Then, the effect of five social capital variables (including Social, Economic, Immoral, Acute Social, and Family disorders) which reflect the lack of trust and consequently reduction of social capital, was estimated on each of the sixeconomic variables, by using the panel data method in the years 2005-2017.The findings showedthat the decrease in social capital, with high explanatory power, had a significant effect on economic performance andeach of the six economic variables had been at least influenced by one of the mentioned disorders decreasingly. The two ofvariables, labour productivity and entrepreneurship, which are important factors in the sustainability of economic growth, have suffered the most negative impact. Also, the findings showed the synergistic effect of the reduction of social capital on economic performance in the next period. Therefore, the decrease in social capital with the effect on the key economic variables which are the most important qualitative and quantitative activities in economy, has caused the reduction of social efficiency in relations of the abundant production factors of Iran’s economy and as a result, non-realizing sustainable economic growth during the time.
Morteza Sameti; Homayoun Ranjbar; Monireh Hematzadeh
Volume 3, Issue 9 , April 2013, , Pages 40-25
Abstract
This study seeks to investigate the relationship between the development of financial sector and real sector in an economy under the asymmetric information because true growth is conditioned to the development of the financial structure, so that, countries with more developed financial sector, enjoy ...
Read More
This study seeks to investigate the relationship between the development of financial sector and real sector in an economy under the asymmetric information because true growth is conditioned to the development of the financial structure, so that, countries with more developed financial sector, enjoy a higher rate of growth than the other countries. In this study the economic growth criterion denotes the development of the real sector, and variables such as ratio of the value of the stock exchange to GDP has been introduced as a criterion of development of financial sector. Also, logarithm of variance of the stock exchange price index and bank credits of the private sector index have been applied as a criterion of asymmetric information in the fiscal and money market. This model is estimated by applying panel data method for selected developed and developing countries in 1993-2008. The results depict the higher effectiveness level of financial market in comparison with money market in the developed countries, also financial structure of the developed countries differs from the developing ones because of a high level and evolved information symmetry in the developed countries, while in the developing countries, the money market is stronger than the stock exchange.
Export Diversification
Karim Azarbaiejani; Molood Raki; Homayoun Ranjbar
Volume 1, Issue 3 , January 2012, , Pages 201-165
Abstract
According to discussion of export growth and economic growth, export diversification issue has been considered by many policymakers to mean the increase of exports commodity and reducing its dependence on one source of income. In other words, regardless of the composition or concentration of a country’s ...
Read More
According to discussion of export growth and economic growth, export diversification issue has been considered by many policymakers to mean the increase of exports commodity and reducing its dependence on one source of income. In other words, regardless of the composition or concentration of a country’s export, more export commodities means more diversified exports. In recent years, export diversification in developing countries that mainly rely on exporting a single product has become a political priority. This study makes use of the new growth and international trade theories and panel data methods to examine the impact of export diversification on total factor productivity (TFP) and economic growth during the 1999-2007 in D-8 countries. The research results show that export diversification has a positive and statistically significant effect on the TFP and economic growth. Therefore to create economic growth and sustainable development, Iran has to pay attention to the export diversification policy as well as other factors that affect TFP and economic growth.
