Economic Growth
kaveh Derakhshani Darabi; yousef mehnatfar
Abstract
Since the 1990s, the role of institutions and the quality of governance along with social capital has been widely recognized as the factors of development. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to examine the role and contribution of institutional arrangements and social capital on the development ...
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Since the 1990s, the role of institutions and the quality of governance along with social capital has been widely recognized as the factors of development. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to examine the role and contribution of institutional arrangements and social capital on the development process.So, in this study, the role and importance of these factors is examined along with economical and technical factors in the process of industrial development using the hierarchical analysis approach. The results show that the social capital and institutional quality factors which are included with the headings of policy and political factors, cultural and social factors, and management and human resources factors are respectively calculated with the weight of 0.31, 0.14, 0.11, as the first priority, the third priority and the fourth priority of the barriers to industrial development. The results also show that the financial and technical factors with the weigh of 0.12 and 0.08, respectively, are the second and sixth priorities. The infrastructure deficiency and limitations in access to resources and raw materials, respectively, with a coefficient of 0.1 and 0.05 are the fifth and seventh priorities.
Economic Growth
Babak Cheraghi; Taghi Torabi; Teymour Mohammadi; Mehdi Taghavi
Abstract
This research has examined the factors of non-realizing sustainable economic growth in terms of social capital in Iran's economy. For this purpose, at first, the provinces of the country were categorized into three regions, based on six individual trust-sensitive key economic variables (including Entrepreneurship, ...
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This research has examined the factors of non-realizing sustainable economic growth in terms of social capital in Iran's economy. For this purpose, at first, the provinces of the country were categorized into three regions, based on six individual trust-sensitive key economic variables (including Entrepreneurship, Level of Education , Employment, Per capita Real Production, Labour Productivity, and Female Labour Market Participation) ,by using the clustering and discriminant analysis methods. Then, the effect of five social capital variables (including Social, Economic, Immoral, Acute Social, and Family disorders) which reflect the lack of trust and consequently reduction of social capital, was estimated on each of the sixeconomic variables, by using the panel data method in the years 2005-2017.The findings showedthat the decrease in social capital, with high explanatory power, had a significant effect on economic performance andeach of the six economic variables had been at least influenced by one of the mentioned disorders decreasingly. The two ofvariables, labour productivity and entrepreneurship, which are important factors in the sustainability of economic growth, have suffered the most negative impact. Also, the findings showed the synergistic effect of the reduction of social capital on economic performance in the next period. Therefore, the decrease in social capital with the effect on the key economic variables which are the most important qualitative and quantitative activities in economy, has caused the reduction of social efficiency in relations of the abundant production factors of Iran’s economy and as a result, non-realizing sustainable economic growth during the time.
Cultural Development
Amir Khadem Alizadeh; Ali Afsari
Volume 6, Issue 23 , May 2016, , Pages 58-45
Abstract
Divine religions have a significant impact on formation of social norms and strengthening of social capital through the promotion of the moral virtues. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the impact of doctrines, rituals and ethical teachings of Islam on Muslims’ social capital in the 40 ...
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Divine religions have a significant impact on formation of social norms and strengthening of social capital through the promotion of the moral virtues. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the impact of doctrines, rituals and ethical teachings of Islam on Muslims’ social capital in the 40 countries using the generalized trust index and the ordinary least squares method. Research findings show that doctrinal and ethical indexes of Islam have a significant positive effect on social capital of Muslims but outward (ritual) indexes of Islam have a significant negative effect on social capital. Also this study confirms significant positive impact of social volunteer activities and college education on social capital. The policy recommendations of this study are planning to spread the doctrinal and ethical teachings ofIslam among Muslims and establishing the groundwork for expansion of social volunteer activities as two proposed strategies to increase the social capital of Muslims.
total factor productivity of production؛
seyed mohammad reza seyednourani; masomeh sajadi; faezeh forouzan; fatemeh jahangard
Volume 5, Issue 20 , August 2015, , Pages 44-31
Abstract
Since the 1990s social capital was considered as an engine of economic development. Furthermore, in order to achieve the economic development, countries were invested to create and improve the social capital. In this regard education as the most influential factor was on the agenda. Education by increasing ...
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Since the 1990s social capital was considered as an engine of economic development. Furthermore, in order to achieve the economic development, countries were invested to create and improve the social capital. In this regard education as the most influential factor was on the agenda. Education by increasing the personal abilities and knowledge can provide the condition for participation, social interaction and presence in social networks and community. On the other hand, education by create and internalize the norms would regulate people`s behavior that lead to an increase in social trust and social capital. In this study we tried to prove this hypothesis that education leads to social capital and the most effective impact on social capital belongs to the primary school as well. For investigating the impact of different levels of education on social capital in Iran during 1981-2011 we used the GMM method. The estimation results show that education has a positive and significant effect on social capital in this period. Among the different levels of education, the most effective level on social capital is the primary and middle school and the factor that has the least effect on social capital with 0/29 coefficient is higher education.
Mahmood Yahyazadehfar; Amir Mansour Tehranchian; Mahyar Hami
Volume 4, Issue 16 , November 2014, , Pages 88-73
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to study the impact of social capital on financial development in Iran. To do so, the statistical data were collected during 1984 to 2012 and vector error correction model was used. The number of annually judicial cases about returned checks and liquidity to real gross domestic ...
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The purpose of this paper is to study the impact of social capital on financial development in Iran. To do so, the statistical data were collected during 1984 to 2012 and vector error correction model was used. The number of annually judicial cases about returned checks and liquidity to real gross domestic product ratio were selected as proxies of social capital and financial development respectively. The results derived from Johansen cointegration test indicate that there is a long-run equilibrium relation between social capital and financial development in Iran. Also vector error correction model estimates show that social capital has a positively significant impact on financial development in Iran.
Reza Najarzadeh; Morteza Ezzati; Mohammad Soleimani
Volume 4, Issue 16 , November 2014, , Pages 104-89
Abstract
The measurement of social capital is a major challenge in the social capital research. For this purpose researchers employ different methods and techniques. One of these methods is the Resource Generator Technique. In this article we use this technique to measure the elite’s social capital living ...
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The measurement of social capital is a major challenge in the social capital research. For this purpose researchers employ different methods and techniques. One of these methods is the Resource Generator Technique. In this article we use this technique to measure the elite’s social capital living in Tehran. The emphasize of this technique is on the measurement of individual access to social resources. The level of social capital (access of every elite to social capital resource) was measured using three indices by distributing questionnaires among Tehran’s elites. The results show that among the elites population, access to social resource among males, married persons, people with masters’ degrees and engineering bachelors is more than others. In order to show one of the Resource Generator Technique benefits, the effect of some variables such as age, gender, education and marriage status on social capital was estimated.
Hoda Zobeiri; Zahra Karimi Moghari
Volume 4, Issue 14 , May 2014, , Pages 62-39
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to combine two concepts of economy and society to analyze the economic development by a social approach. Social cohesion is the situation which all elements of society be joined in a manner that makes an effective union. In this research, the social cohesion index for 85 ...
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The purpose of this paper is to combine two concepts of economy and society to analyze the economic development by a social approach. Social cohesion is the situation which all elements of society be joined in a manner that makes an effective union. In this research, the social cohesion index for 85 selected developed and developing countries during 2008-2010 are calculated using “equality of opportunity” and “social capital” components. Then the effect of social cohesion on economic development has been examined, using panel regression analysis. The findings show that social cohesion has a positive and significant effect on GDP per capita, technological innovation, effectiveness of government institutions, quality of development policies and finally political and social stability.
Zahra Nasrollahi; Zahra Nasrollahi
Volume 4, Issue 13 , January 2014, , Pages 78-61
Abstract
Environmental issues, especially "climate change" due to the increase in greenhouse gas emissions in recent decades has become a global issue, so that today the pollution remains a challenge for countries. Given the importance of social capital and public awareness about the environmental impact of human ...
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Environmental issues, especially "climate change" due to the increase in greenhouse gas emissions in recent decades has become a global issue, so that today the pollution remains a challenge for countries. Given the importance of social capital and public awareness about the environmental impact of human activities on environmental problems confronting, aim of this paper is to answer the question that is there a relationship between social capital and environmental practices? In this study, we used Fukuyama index as a measurement of social capital. Initially, using factor analysis, social capital index is calculated for the period (1984-2011) and then using the Auto Regressive Distributed Lags (ARDL) model, long-term relationship between social capital and the environment has been tested. The results of the study show that in the period, social capital has a positive and significant effect on the health of environment and there is a strong relationship between environment and components of social capital.
Hasan Heidari; Hamidreza Faaljou; Elmnaz Nazariyan; Yousef Mohammadzadeh
Volume 3, Issue 11 , September 2013, , Pages 74-57
Abstract
There are several studies that show social capital and health capital have impressive effect on economic growth. On the other hand, many researches in the health and community field, prove close relationship between social capital and health capital. So, this study examines and evaluates the health and ...
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There are several studies that show social capital and health capital have impressive effect on economic growth. On the other hand, many researches in the health and community field, prove close relationship between social capital and health capital. So, this study examines and evaluates the health and social capital effects and also their interaction effects on economic growth in the Middle East countries for 1990-2010 period using panel data and LS (EGLS) and 2SLS(EGLS). Data of study, extracted from WDI, UNDP, PWT and WGI statistical reports. Results show, not only health and social capital have impressive effect on economic growth, but also their interactions -given that social capital improves physical and mental health indicators- have significant effect on economic growth. As well as, public health improves the social indicators, and therefore has a double effect on the growth and economic development.
