total factor productivity of production؛
Mohammad Taher Ahmadi
Volume 1, Issue 1 , January 2012, , Pages 58-31
Abstract
Total factor productivity of production as a dynamic and permanent source of economic growth is influenced by many factors; that based on existing theories, human capital are known as one of the most important factors. So in the present study, the role of human capital in promoting the total factor productivity ...
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Total factor productivity of production as a dynamic and permanent source of economic growth is influenced by many factors; that based on existing theories, human capital are known as one of the most important factors. So in the present study, the role of human capital in promoting the total factor productivity of production in Iran’s economy for the period 1978 to 2005 were evaluated. Thus for human capital two dimensions of education and health and their effects along with other variables on productivity level were exerted and assessed. The results of estimate the model by using Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Method shows, the labor average years of schooling and the ratio of health expenditure on gross domestic product(GDP) (as the successors of human capital) have significant and positive effect on productivity level. Also the results of causality test confirm the existence of a unidirectional causal relationship between human capital and productivity.
tourism demand
Parviz Mohammadzadeh; Davood Behbudi; Majid Feshari; Siab Mamipour
Volume 1, Issue 1 , January 2012, , Pages 132-107
Abstract
The main purpose of this paper is to estimate the foreign tourism demand for Iran during 1971-2005. This study proposes a new methodology – the time varying parameter (TVP) approach – to tourism demand modeling. To that end, the behavioral change of tourists over time is traced using the ...
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The main purpose of this paper is to estimate the foreign tourism demand for Iran during 1971-2005. This study proposes a new methodology – the time varying parameter (TVP) approach – to tourism demand modeling. To that end, the behavioral change of tourists over time is traced using the Kalman filter approach. Findings show that the income elasticity, price elasticity and habit formation have a regular declining trend over time. The elasticity of tourism demand with respect to the world per capita income is greater than that of the "cost of living" and "habit formation" indicators. The foreign tourism appears to be a normal good and inelastic to the domestic prices. In addition, tourism demand has decreased significantly during the Iran-Iraq war period.
Economic Growth
Sohrab Delangizan; Ali Falahati
Volume 1, Issue 3 , January 2012, , Pages 163-136
Abstract
One of the most important macroeconomic discussions is the effects of monetary policies on the real section of economy. With this respect, the present article investigates the asymmetric or symmetric effects of monetary shocks on the economic growth of Iran. In this article, the relevant model extracted ...
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One of the most important macroeconomic discussions is the effects of monetary policies on the real section of economy. With this respect, the present article investigates the asymmetric or symmetric effects of monetary shocks on the economic growth of Iran. In this article, the relevant model extracted from macroeconomic literature of money in Iran's economy is being examined. The results demonstrate that money isn’t neutral in Iran's economy and the effects of monetary policies on growth of Iran's economy are asymmetric. The negative monetary shocks influence the economic growth more than the positive monetary shocks; so that the negative monetary shocks in boom cycles and the positive monetary shocks in recession cycles have more significant effect on the economic growth. According to the result, it can be demonstrated that the effects of monetary shocks on economic growth is larger and more asymmetric if the shocks are bigger, and the lower the monetary shocks, the less the effects, consequently the asymmetry of negative and positive shocks will be slight. Also there are information gaps between economic makers so that the expectations are not formed rationally in Iran. So according to the results, it can be concluded that Iran's economy is in agreement with the Keynesian economics.
Economic Growth
Mahdi Fadaee; Somayeh Nayeri
Volume 1, Issue 1 , January 2012, , Pages 159-133
Abstract
In economic growth and development analysis, cultural change has a special situation. Cultural indicators can affect on production factors and economic growth endogenously and exogenously. Nowadays, in economic literature capital divided to: Physical, Human, Cultural, Social and Natural capital. In this ...
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In economic growth and development analysis, cultural change has a special situation. Cultural indicators can affect on production factors and economic growth endogenously and exogenously. Nowadays, in economic literature capital divided to: Physical, Human, Cultural, Social and Natural capital. In this research, first, we survey cultural indicators, and then point to production factors especially on capital and theatrically factors and GDP. In this research we used Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model to analyze short and long run relations between variables and then test the stability of model by CUSUM and CUSUMQ. Error Correction model (ECM) model is used to show how the short run shocks justify in next periods. Findings show that the model was stable and cultural indicators during 1975-2005 had significant and positive effect on economic growth of Iran.
