hasan aama bandograee; Farhad kashi; Yeganeh Mousavi Jahromi
Abstract
In various studies, to evaluate and measure the poverty, based on the poverty line, the poor are divided into the poor and non-poor and based on the data of the poor households, different indeces of poverty are calculated. Since the rate of poverty varies, the effect of each poor individual on the society ...
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In various studies, to evaluate and measure the poverty, based on the poverty line, the poor are divided into the poor and non-poor and based on the data of the poor households, different indeces of poverty are calculated. Since the rate of poverty varies, the effect of each poor individual on the society varies as well. In this study, the size of poverty in Iran is measured by Fuzzy Membership Function. In the current study, using the raw data, the household income of the Iranian Sensus Beauro, from 1385 to 1397 is calculated using the index of age poverty by Gini coefficient and Bonferonie standard, in classic and fuzzy modes of poverty size. The results show that using the fuzzy logic has a significant effect on poverty size so that in the classic mode, it is significantly less than that of the fuzzy mode. The results also suggest that in both the classic and the fuzzy ways, using the Bonferonie standard instead of Gini Coefficient causes the rise of poverty.
Leila Sefidbari; Ali Davari; kamal Sakhdari; Yeganeh Mousavi Jahromi
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the causal relationships between entrepreneurship development, economic growth and unemployment by Vector Auto Regression (VAR) and to investigate the effects of shocks on these variables in Iran. For this purpose, seasonal time series data 2006-2016 and Global ...
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the causal relationships between entrepreneurship development, economic growth and unemployment by Vector Auto Regression (VAR) and to investigate the effects of shocks on these variables in Iran. For this purpose, seasonal time series data 2006-2016 and Global Entrepreneurship Index (GEI) and Central Bank of Iran (CBI) were used. The findings of Granger-causality test show that a bilateral causality between economic growth and unemployment and a unidirectional causality from economic growth to entrepreneurship index were confirmed and there was no causality relation between entrepreneurship and unemployment in spite of correlation among them but, a third variable, GDP, is the cause of changes in both variables. According to analysis of impulse-response functions, only the shocks caused by entrepreneurship index are enduring in the model. Also, according to the result of variance decomposition, among three variables, the largest share in entrepreneurship changes is related to the entrepreneurship index itself. Therefore, it can be stated that only entrepreneurship policies can improve the component of entrepreneurship index.
Industry
Shaban Mostafaei; Farhad kashi; Yeganeh Mousavi Jahromi
Abstract
Regarding the importance of poverty as one of the important issues in the development economics literature, the present study addresses the factors affecting poverty by emphasizing the role of industrial development in the provinces of Iran, during the period from 2004 to 2015. The application of spatial ...
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Regarding the importance of poverty as one of the important issues in the development economics literature, the present study addresses the factors affecting poverty by emphasizing the role of industrial development in the provinces of Iran, during the period from 2004 to 2015. The application of spatial models is desirable in regional science research based on regional sample data that has a spatial component. Therefore, in this research, spatial panel econometric models are used for model estimation. Foster, Greer and Thorbecke Index for poverty and the variables of industry's per capita value added, the depth of industrial activities (the ratio of industrial employment to the number of industrial workshops), the concentration index, and the relative regional advantage as indicators of industrial development, have been used along with the indicators of inequality and inflation in the research model. In the first scenario, the concentration index was used and in the second scenario, the relative regional advantage index was used. Findings of two research scenarios with spatial panel model indicate the positive effect of inequality, inflation and the concentration ratio on poverty as well as the negative impact of industry per capita value added, the depth of industrial activities and relative advantage based on employment on poverty. However, the regional relative advantage variables were not significant on the basis of added value, and industrial exports and human development index were not significant in the model. The results of spatial overflow effects indicate that poverty in the provinces is influenced by independent variables in neighboring provinces. It is suggested that industry sector policies be taken into account in order to increase the share of industry in domestic production.
Economic Growth
Yeganeh Mousavi Jahromi; Hadi Ghaffari; Mehdi Jaloli
Volume 8, Issue 31 , June 2018, , Pages 13-28
Abstract
The current study, using the VAR model, tries to explore the effects and consequences of economic instability on economic growth in Iran during the 1981-2011 periods using the principle components analysis. In this study, using the principle components analysis (PCA), an indicator of economic instability ...
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The current study, using the VAR model, tries to explore the effects and consequences of economic instability on economic growth in Iran during the 1981-2011 periods using the principle components analysis. In this study, using the principle components analysis (PCA), an indicator of economic instability was built and then the impact of this indicator on economic growth of Iran was examined. The findings show that Only the importance of labor in the Agricultural sector but in other sectors more than other variables, physical capital is the more important in explaining economic growth. In all areas of macroeconomics, variable economic instability negative impact on economic growth in the sector. Four parts macroeconomic indicator of economic instability in the analysis of variance, respectively, in the fields of Industry and Minerals, Services, Agriculture and Oil and Gas exploration is more important.
Quality of Environment
Yeganeh Mousavi Jahromi
Volume 6, Issue 21 , November 2015, , Pages 119-107
Abstract
In the VAT Acts in order to control gasoline consumption as one of the environment- polluting and also to earn revenue resources for environment protection, higher tax rate than the standard rate is levied on its consumption. In this paper, forecasting income receivable from the tax base using the two-stage ...
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In the VAT Acts in order to control gasoline consumption as one of the environment- polluting and also to earn revenue resources for environment protection, higher tax rate than the standard rate is levied on its consumption. In this paper, forecasting income receivable from the tax base using the two-stage approach has been considered. In the first stage, tax base (gasoline consumption expenditure) has been forecasted in the period 2013 to 2016 and then gasoline consumption tax, using multiplying the tax rates in gasoline consumption expenditure predicted, has been calculated for the mentioned period. In this regard, for precise prediction of the tax revenue, supervised neural networks method and for networks training, error back-propagation algorithm are used. The results indicate that during the mentioned period gasoline price changes (as the most effective variable) arising from VAT will have no serious impact on gasoline consumption. Also, VAT revenue of gasoline consumption will increase by an average annual rate of 35 %.
