tourism demand
Hassan Heidari; asall sadeghpour
Volume 6, Issue 21 , November 2015, , Pages 28-11
Abstract
This study uses data from the eight largest Islamic countries known as D-8 for the period 2000 to 2013 concerns to assess the effect of tourism, energy consumption and political instability on economic growth. To address the objective of this study, we utilize both the static panel data approach as well ...
Read More
This study uses data from the eight largest Islamic countries known as D-8 for the period 2000 to 2013 concerns to assess the effect of tourism, energy consumption and political instability on economic growth. To address the objective of this study, we utilize both the static panel data approach as well as the dynamic generalized method of moments (GMM) estimator to examine the impact of candidate variables. Our results show that energy consumption and tourism significantly contribute to the economic growth of countries in the D-8 region. Hence, our study lends some support to the existence of the tourism-led growth and energy-led growth hypotheses in the region. In line with our expectation, our estimation results also reveal that political instability impedes the process of economic growth and development in the D-8 countries. There fore, it should be take serious action in these countries to overcome political instability and attract international tourists to boost economic growth. Since energy consumption has the greatest impact on economic growth in member countries, policies that reduce energy consumption without planning to support the growth of the manufacturing sector in these countries, will have disturbing impact on economic growth.
D-8 Countries
Rouhollah Bayat; elham sadeghian
Volume 6, Issue 21 , November 2015, , Pages 92-79
Abstract
On the one hand, D-8 countries due to their membership in the WTO, are considered as a competitor in the field of world trade, but on the other hand as an opportunity to transfer capital and technology for Iran. Because of this, the current study based on relevant conventional indices from various aspects ...
Read More
On the one hand, D-8 countries due to their membership in the WTO, are considered as a competitor in the field of world trade, but on the other hand as an opportunity to transfer capital and technology for Iran. Because of this, the current study based on relevant conventional indices from various aspects dealt with assessment of trade capacities between Iran and other D-8 countries. The cosine measure showed that the degree of the similarity and complementary of Iran’s bilateral trade with Turkey, Bangladesh, Indonesia and Malaysia is high. Iran has also exporting high degree of the similarity with Pakistan's imports. In contrast, Egypt and Iran have the lowest potential for business development. Also, based on calculations of commercial potential ; Iran has high bilateral trade capacity with Turkey, Indonesia and Malaysia and has high export potential with Pakistan. On the other hand, Iran is the only country with a high importing capacity with Bangladesh. Also, based on revealed comparative advantage index, Pakistan, Egypt, Turkey, Indonesia, Malaysia, Iran, Bangladesh and Nigeria are the first to the eighth rank of comparative exports advantage in terms of variety of commodity groups. Results of the Drysdale index is also indicate the possibility of trade development between Iran, Indonesia and Pakistan.
