Co2 Emissions
Fatemeh Nematollahi; ahmad sadraei javaheri; Ruholla Shanazi
Abstract
Greenhouse gas emission abatement is an important issue at the center of attention worldwide with the aim of achieving sustainable economic growth. One of the policies put forward in this area is to subsidize investment in research and development and to levy tax on fossil fuels in order to make appropriate ...
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Greenhouse gas emission abatement is an important issue at the center of attention worldwide with the aim of achieving sustainable economic growth. One of the policies put forward in this area is to subsidize investment in research and development and to levy tax on fossil fuels in order to make appropriate technical changes to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The present paper determines the subsidy rate for investment in research and development to double it with using a computable general equilibrium model. It considers in the first scenarios subsidy payment for investment and in the second scenarios subsidy payment along with, the taxation of fossil fuel consumption. It then examines the economic, welfare and environmental impacts of these policies. The results of modeling and calibration show that in the first scenario, the subsidy rate for investment in research and development is 9.4% and in the second scenario it is 9. 1%. Meanwhile, the tax rate for fossil fuels in the second scenario is 2.5%. The results indicate a reduction in welfare in both scenarios, regardless of the social gains of reducing emissions. The results also show that both the energy tax policy, and research and development subsidy policy is able to reduce energy consumption and air pollution.
Heshmatollah Asgari; Roohollah Noor Mohammadi
Volume 5, 17(3) , December 2015, , Pages 78-71
Abstract
Considering the highly importance of the agricultural sector in the provincial economy of Ilam and the emergence of awareness of demands for the forms of energy in the mentioned sector, as well as awareness of the price liberalization policies applied on the forms of energy, the present study aims to ...
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Considering the highly importance of the agricultural sector in the provincial economy of Ilam and the emergence of awareness of demands for the forms of energy in the mentioned sector, as well as awareness of the price liberalization policies applied on the forms of energy, the present study aims to investigate the demands for the major energy consumptions in the agricultural sectors. The aim of this study is to determine the influencing factors on energy consumption patterns; and to determine the complementary and altering energy relations, using the estimating demand for different forms of energy. This study applies the Almost Ideal Demand System to estimate the elasticity of the forms of energy. The achieved results exhibit the adversity and conformity of all the energy own-price elasticities to the demand theory. Results on the cross elasticity indicate to large extant identical in both restricted and unrestricted cases and to some extant low for the cross elasticity between the forms of energy. Moreover, the results indicate positive and less than one for the income elasticity of energy in the restricted case, that are considered as an essential commodity.
Mohammad Ali Molaei; Ali Dehghani; Samaneh Hossein Zadeh
Volume 5, Issue 19 , June 2015, , Pages 40-25
Abstract
This study aims at exploring the relationship between energy consumption/efficiency and production growth in manufacturing agencies producing transportation vehicles in 1995-2009 using Granjer, Hsiao’s Granger, Toda-Yamamoto causality and DPD approach. The results of the model show that in these ...
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This study aims at exploring the relationship between energy consumption/efficiency and production growth in manufacturing agencies producing transportation vehicles in 1995-2009 using Granjer, Hsiao’s Granger, Toda-Yamamoto causality and DPD approach. The results of the model show that in these companies there is a one-tailed causal correlation between production value and energy consumption/efficiency and the given correlation is verified in both of the causal approaches. Similarly, the estimation of the model using DPD approach shows that there is a significant positive correlation between energy consumption and the value of the product in big factories producing transportation vehicles. The results also show that compared with an increase in the employment rate or energy consumption/efficiency, an increase in investment in these factories has a more significant effect on the value of the products in these agencies. This indicates that changes in production technology from labor or energy intensive to investment can lead to an increase in the value of products in agencies producing transportation vehicles in Iran.
Infrastructure
Reza Akbarian; Ali Ghaedi
Volume 1, Issue 3 , January 2012, , Pages 48-11
Abstract
One of the economic goals in many countries is providing favorable conditions to boost economic growth. One of the favorable conditions for increasing the production and economic growth is investment in economic infrastructures. In general, investment in economic infrastructures, boost production and ...
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One of the economic goals in many countries is providing favorable conditions to boost economic growth. One of the favorable conditions for increasing the production and economic growth is investment in economic infrastructures. In general, investment in economic infrastructures, boost production and economic growth through increasing the factors such as: productivity, development of market area, equilibrium between supply and demand, creating positive externality effects, making better environment for competition and increasing the welfare level. The objectives of this study are investigating the effect of investment per worker in economic infrastructures on the non-oil gross domestic production per worker and investigating the interaction of capital per worker, non-oil economic growth per worker and investment per worker in economic infrastructures. Vector autoregressive model has been used for empirical investigation during the period of 1961-2006. The empirical results of this study show that in long run the effect of investment per worker in the economic infrastructures on the non-oil gross domestic production per worker is positive and investment per worker in the communication infrastructures has the highest effect and investment per worker in energy infrastructure has the lowest effect on the non-oil domestic production per worker. Empirical results also show that in short run the relationship between non-oil economic growth per worker and investment growth per worker in the economic infrastructures is insignificant, but the effect of capital growth per worker on the non-oil economic growth per worker and investment per worker in the infrastructures is significant and positive.
