Investigating Economic Factors Affecting Happiness in Selected Countries: Panel Threshold Regression Approach
Abdolali
Monsef
Associate Professor of Economics, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
author
Mozhgan
Moalemi
Assistant Professor of Economics, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
author
Jahangir
Biyabani
Associate Professor of Economics, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
author
Mehdi
Nejati
Assistant Professor of Economics, Shahid Bahonar University, Kerman, Iran
author
javad
Taherizadeh
Ph.D. Student, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2019
per
If happiness is a good feature of society and development is considered as a gradual movement towards good society, happiness can be one of the goals of developmental policies. In the field of happiness economics, the focus of studies is on analyzing the impact of various economic factors on happiness. But so far, no study has investigated the effect of economic variables on happiness with the panel threshold regression models. In the present study, the effect of eight variables on happiness using panel data for 100 countries in the period 2005 to 2016 in three scenarios was investigated using panel threshold regression method. The results of the research show that the happiness relationship with per capita income, health, consumption, government expenditures and economic freedom is positive and there is a negative relationship between happiness and income inequality, inflation and unemployment. In each scenario, only a threshold value was detected. Consumption expenditures and economic freedom have a positive effect on happiness, and the size of this effect increases with increasing per capita income (threshold variable). Per capita income has a positive effect on happiness, but with increasing income inequality (threshold variable), the effect of per capita income will decrease. It seems, therefore, that the formulation of appropriate policies to reduce income inequality can lead to more social happiness for the society, which will result in increased productivity and economic growth.
Economic Growth and Development Research
Payame Noor University
2228-5954
9
v.
36
no.
2019
15
34
https://egdr.journals.pnu.ac.ir/article_5733_b4de5403eba8e7669fa35329af56d250.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.30473/egdr.2019.43005.4976
Investigation the Effects of Price and Non-Price Factors on Iran's Non-Oil Exports: The Latent Variable Approach
somaye
alikarami
Ph.D. Student in Economics, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
author
Ebrahim
Hadian
Associate Professor, Department of Economics, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
author
parviz
rostamzadeh
Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
author
Ahmad
Sadraei Javaheri
Associate Professor, Department of Economics, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
author
text
article
2019
per
The purpose of this study has been to consider the effects of non-price factors along with price factors on the demand of Iranian export from 1988 to 2017.In this research, a single error correction model is used to evaluate the short-term dynamics and long-term effects simultaneously. Moreover, in this study compare to previous researches, a more flexible approach has been included in the export function which is based on the structural time series' patterns which are the trends that express the effects of non-pricing factors. Then, the OXmetric software and the Kalman filter is utilized to estimate the amount of trend in each year, and the effect of each factor on the trend component is evaluated by the Ordinary Least Square Method. The results indicate that the price elasticity of the export is low. Also, the impact of non-pricing factors such as globalization, total productivity of production factors, innovation, electronic commerce and foreign direct investment on non-oil exports were assessed. The results have shown the significant effect of all factors and the negative impact of economic freedom, openness and foreign direct investment on the implicit process export.
Economic Growth and Development Research
Payame Noor University
2228-5954
9
v.
36
no.
2019
35
56
https://egdr.journals.pnu.ac.ir/article_5714_c91f9664fd3f9631a3c7269817384520.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.30473/egdr.2019.43124.4983
The Policy of Increasing Public Investment in Iran: A DSGE Approach
Esmaeil
Torkamani
Ph.D. Student in Economics, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
author
Mohammad Hassan
Fotros
Professor of Economics, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
author
text
article
2019
per
The use of natural resource revenues for achievement of development has been a challenging issue for resource abound countries. These a challenging stem from the fact that incomes from natural resources are non-durable, unpredictable and uncertain. Many countries have pursued approaches and tools for managing these revenues to prevent economic fluctuations. The international organizations and economic experts propose a diversification into resource revenues in the form of different approaches for public investment. The present study evaluates the policy of increasing public investment in Iran in the form of three gradual, aggressive and conservative approaches for the period of 1978-2015 using a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium method. The results showed that after an oil revenue shock, the status of economic variables in the gradual increase approach is better than the other two approaches. In a gradual approach, in addition to increasing GDP and private and public consumption, public debt is also declining
Economic Growth and Development Research
Payame Noor University
2228-5954
9
v.
36
no.
2019
57
76
https://egdr.journals.pnu.ac.ir/article_5660_f8d0f2986bfc470fc6b96d587765ab96.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.30473/egdr.2019.42749.4958
The Effect of Countercyclical Fiscal Rules on the Iranian Economy with an Emphasis on the Oil Sector (with the National Development Fund)
davood
farhadi
Ph.D. Student, Department of Economics, Yazd University, Iran
author
hossein ali
danesh
Assistant Professor, Department of Economics,Yazd University, Iran
author
Habib
Ansari Samani
Assistant Professor, Department of Economics,Yazd University, Iran
author
Hadi
keshavarz
Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, Persian Gulf University, Iran
author
text
article
2019
per
Over the past decades, the economies of the world have continually experienced economic fluctuations, business cycles, and cycles of boom and recession. Fiscal rules are one of the most important tools of the government with the goal of stabilizing and reducing fluctuations during the business cycle. It is always the minds of many policymakers who are involved in the question of how a policy should be considered during a period of boom or recession. In fact, policy makers are confronted with the question of whether fiscal rules should be used during business cycles. In response to this question, the present study uses a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) model and modeling the National Development Fund to scenario in two modes of applying counterycyclical fiscal rule and its non-implementation. The findings of the study showed that, in the case of petty impacts, a counterycyclical fiscal rule based on oil revenues has reduced the intensity of fluctuations of macroeconomic variables compared to the absence of a fiscal rule. Also, in the case of monetary impulse, there is not a significant difference in the effectiveness of the implementation of the fiscal rules or its non-implementation.
Economic Growth and Development Research
Payame Noor University
2228-5954
9
v.
36
no.
2019
77
94
https://egdr.journals.pnu.ac.ir/article_5822_fb3b29256ce92745689e35595209cec3.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.30473/egdr.2019.44372.5073
Simulation of the Effect of Factors Affecting on Recession in Iran: Comparison of Markov Chain Monte Carlo and Bayesian Approaches
ramiar
refaei
Ph.D Student of Economics, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan Branch (Khorasgan), Isfahan, Iran
author
morteza
sameti
Professor of Economics, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan Branch (Khorasgan), Isfahan, Iran
author
sara
ghobadi
Assistant Professor of Economics, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan Branch (Khorasgan), Isfahan, Iran
author
text
article
2019
per
The history of Iran's economy after the revolution has been in recession for some years and, with the 70s, this trend has deepened, and with the 1990s it seems that the real GDP trend is making serious changes. In this paper, the Markov chain Monte Carlo and Byesian approach are used to simulate the effects of factors affecting the economic recession in Iran during the years 1979- 2016. The results show that the Bayesian approach confirm the results of the model estimation using the Monte Carlo Markov chain approach, and at a reliable level, 97.5% of the coefficients of the variables are statistically significant and reliable. so, the most influential variables were estimated on the economic recession in Iran, are exchange rate changes, crude oil prices, and real GDP. The results also show that the matrix of Bayes factors for all pairings of models is reliable. The later probabilities of regimes and the likelihood ratio indicate that the change points in the sixth model are different with the rest of the models, so the regime change is happening in the sixth model.
Economic Growth and Development Research
Payame Noor University
2228-5954
9
v.
36
no.
2019
95
108
https://egdr.journals.pnu.ac.ir/article_5646_0f817a2c65f8760b6854eea0348a576c.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.30473/egdr.2019.43524.5010
Investigating the Impact of Value Added Tax (VAT) on Iran's Economic Growth Using the Computable General Equilibrium Model (CGE)
Ahmad
Chehreghani
Ph.D. of Economics, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran
author
Mansour
ZaraNejhad
Professor, Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran
author
text
article
2019
per
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of Value Added Tax (VAT) on Iran's economic growth. For this purpose, Computable General Equilibrium Model (CGE) has been used. Data are derived from the Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) of Iran in 2011, prepared by the Parliament Research Center in 2015, which is the latest SAM of Iran. Policy analysis has been carried out in the form of nine scenarios: the VAT with the rates applied in Iran (3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 8% and 9%), and the applicable rates (10%, 15% and 20%). In all scenarios, the VAT rate in agriculture sectore is considered zero. The results indicate that VAT has positive impact on Iran's economic growth.
Economic Growth and Development Research
Payame Noor University
2228-5954
9
v.
36
no.
2019
109
128
https://egdr.journals.pnu.ac.ir/article_5752_2d1c09455b243c1b42c1e732ffc2f0eb.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.30473/egdr.2019.5752
Testing the Validity of the Debt Laffer Curve in Iran: Evidence from a Smooth Transition Regression (STR)
jalal
montazeri shoorekchali
Assistant Professor, Department of Economics and Management, Institute for Humanities and Cultural Studies, Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2019
per
Considering the importance of discussing the effect of government debt size on economic growth, this study examines the validity of the debt laffer curve using a Smooth Transition Regression (STR) model in Iran during 1973-2016. The findings support a threshold behavior of two regimes between the government debt size and economic growth in the Iran's economy. The threshold level of government debt size is 41.70% of the GDP. In periods that the government debt size is less than 41.70 % or the first regime, government debt size has a negative effect on economic growth. Therefore, the evidence does not corroborate the existence of the Debt Laffer Curve in Iran's economy. The disapproval of this hypothesis and the negative impact of government debt on economic growth - at low levels of debt size - can be rooted in the fact that government spends the borrowed funds on the deficits that emerged from structural imperfection and institutional rigidity, while it should be used to develop infrastructures or foster productive investments.
Economic Growth and Development Research
Payame Noor University
2228-5954
9
v.
36
no.
2019
129
143
https://egdr.journals.pnu.ac.ir/article_5661_aaab6c4149a7383a668b62e338ddc002.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.30473/egdr.2019.42808.4963