Mena Countries Group
Saeede Seydabadi; Ali Dehghani; Mohammd Ali Molaei
Abstract
Poverty is one of the most important economic issues in developing countries such as MENA. Poverty causes many social problems such as drug trafficking, theft, prostitution and corruption. On the other hand, corruption is a major problem in developing countries. Corruption destroys resources as well ...
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Poverty is one of the most important economic issues in developing countries such as MENA. Poverty causes many social problems such as drug trafficking, theft, prostitution and corruption. On the other hand, corruption is a major problem in developing countries. Corruption destroys resources as well as impedes the optimal allocation of resources. Statistics show that Iran is at a disadvantage both in terms of poverty and corruption. Therefore, considering the importance of fighting poverty and corruption, the main purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of poverty on corruption. The Human Development Index was used to measure poverty and the World Bank Corruption Control Index was used to measure corruption. The Bayesian Hierarchical method was used to estimate regression. The results showed that the variables of economic growth, and human development index have a negative impact and the variables of trade freedom index, foreign direct investment, and the share of government spending in GDP have a positive effect on corruption.
Mena Countries Group
Mohammad Hassan Fotros; Razie Sahraee; Masume Yavari
Volume 8, Issue 30 , April 2018, , Pages 55-66
Abstract
Food security is a main component of physical, mental and psychological health of any society and is a criterion for human development. Food security and access to safe and adequate food is of the main pillars of economic growth and development; so it is of the main goals of every country. War and insecurity ...
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Food security is a main component of physical, mental and psychological health of any society and is a criterion for human development. Food security and access to safe and adequate food is of the main pillars of economic growth and development; so it is of the main goals of every country. War and insecurity damage food security. War is the increased major cause of poverty, unemployment and food insecurity. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of war on food security in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) countries in the period 1990-2014. In order to estimate the model for investigating the issue, the unbalanced panel data method was used. Results showed that war has the negative and significant impact on food security. Gross domestic product per capita, the size of the rural population, the ratio of arable land surface to total land surface and the use of agricultural machinery per hectare variables had positive and significant impact, and the size of the total population had negative and significant impact on food security. Thus, any attempt to reduce conflict means to improve food security and growth and development.
Mena Countries Group
Mahboobeh Shakeri; Ahmad Jafari Samimi; Zahra Karimi Moughari
Volume 6, Issue 21 , November 2015, , Pages 106-93
Abstract
The subject of this paper is measuring institutional quality and evaluatingits relationship with per capita economic growth in 20 MENA countries. For estimating growth models, panel data method was used during (2002-2010). For measuring institutional quality at first six indices of good governance have ...
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The subject of this paper is measuring institutional quality and evaluatingits relationship with per capita economic growth in 20 MENA countries. For estimating growth models, panel data method was used during (2002-2010). For measuring institutional quality at first six indices of good governance have been used in six growth models. The results have shown that only regulatory quality have positive and significant relation with economic growth. Whereas the coefficients of other institutional variables including control of corruption and political stability are negative and the others including rule of law, governance effectiveness and voice and accountability are positive but insignificant. Then another model was estimated by using good governance index which was derived from combining six upper indices by using principle component analysis (PCA). The results showed positive relationship but significant at the 0.10 percent level. In the final analysis a new institutional index is derived by combining three institutional variables which had positive coefficient into the one composite index by using PCA. New index has bigger positive coefficient and significant at the 0.01 percent level rather than its sub measures (regulatory quality, voice and accountability, rule of law) and alsothan good governance index.
Mena Countries Group
Mohammad Taher Ahmadi; Mohammad Ali Fallahi; Somayeh Khosravi
Volume 1, Issue 3 , January 2012, , Pages 234-203
Abstract
Interest as investment opportunity cost or cost of required credits in production process plays an important role in cost of goods manufactured. So it is expected that inflation rate might be affected by changes in interest rate. The present paper studies causality relation between changes in interest ...
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Interest as investment opportunity cost or cost of required credits in production process plays an important role in cost of goods manufactured. So it is expected that inflation rate might be affected by changes in interest rate. The present paper studies causality relation between changes in interest rate and inflation rate in countries of Mena. Quarterly data concerning interest and inflation rates were analyzed in 16 member countries in Mena in the period 1997-2008. Augmented Dicki-Foler and Philips structural failure tests were used to assess the reliability of time series data .To determine causality relation between two variables of interest and inflation, Granger and Hsiao's causality tests were utilized. The results obtained from Hsiao's and Granger causality tests indicate that the research hypothesis is supported only for Qatar and Djibouti. In other words, in both countries there is a causality relation from changes in interest rate to changes in inflation rate but there isn't such relation in other countries. Considering the results of research, it can be said that policy of reduced interest rate can't lead us toward the intended goal of controlling inflation rate
