Abbas Rezaei Pandari; Elham Mahmudinejad; Parisa Bakhshi
Volume 8, Issue 29 , December 2017, , Pages 111-126
Abstract
By considering that the resources and accessible facilities are limited, achieving development, particularly high human development is important target in adjusting development plans; therefore in developing countries policy makers and planners are worried about recognition and analysis of accelerating ...
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By considering that the resources and accessible facilities are limited, achieving development, particularly high human development is important target in adjusting development plans; therefore in developing countries policy makers and planners are worried about recognition and analysis of accelerating factors in development process as well as diagnosis the barriers, which using of indexes and modern instruments to attain is necessary and evident. Human development is one of noticeable contexts for policy makers, planners and researchers which is measured by human development index (HDI). Criticisms of HDI and creation of nonparametric methods of performance evaluation have caused evaluation of human development by applying data envelopment analysis (DEA). The lack of recognition of sources of inefficiency is one of the weakness points in traditional approach in DEA, hence in this paper separation efficiency approach is used, which is based on according to process and network data envelopment analysis (NDEA). In this article by considering a two stage process for human development, which is inclusive making infrastructures and getting results, relative efficiency for human development is measured in all provinces in a five year period from 2010 to 2014. The results of research highlighted that Tehran and Alborz provinces had high efficiency in human development and on the other side in terms of human development compared to the remained provinces, Kurdistan, Mazandaran and Lorestan are ranked that at the end of table. Total efficiency separation illustrated that inefficiency in preparing human development infrastructures had more effect in total efficiency.
Mirnaser Mirbagheri Hir; Farzad Rahimzadeh; Sayyed Rashed Safavi
Volume 4, Issue 16 , November 2014, , Pages 120-105
Abstract
In many countries, achieving to the millennium development goals, such as sustainable economic growth, poverty reduction and human development enhancement are their important priorities. One of these goals is to improve the human development index that is used to compare the level of welfare. This study, ...
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In many countries, achieving to the millennium development goals, such as sustainable economic growth, poverty reduction and human development enhancement are their important priorities. One of these goals is to improve the human development index that is used to compare the level of welfare. This study, using the annual data of selected MENA countries from 2000-2012 and by applying Dynamic Panel Data and GMM estimators, wants to determine the factors that affect on human development. For this purpose, trade variable (percapita import, percapita export and per capita trade) has been used in three separated models. The results of the model with n-step GMM estimator of Arellano and Bond (1991) indicate that in all models, trade has positive and significant impact on human development. If percapita import, export and trade are considered as explanatory variables in the model, the increase of $ 10,000 in these variables, will increase human development index by 0.029, 0.024, and 0.025 respectively. Based on the results, educational expenditures, per capita health expenditure and foreign direct investment have also positive and significant effects on human development.
Mohammad Ali Motafaker Azad; Ahmad Asadzadeh; Mohsen Amini Khozani; Mahmood Shirkosh
Volume 4, Issue 13 , January 2014, , Pages 96-79
Abstract
Political stability and democracy, is an important characteristic of a developed political system. In fact a developed political system, with a democracy pattern, has a coordination relationship in other developed sections especially in human and economical issues. In these countries the government ...
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Political stability and democracy, is an important characteristic of a developed political system. In fact a developed political system, with a democracy pattern, has a coordination relationship in other developed sections especially in human and economical issues. In these countries the government provide the basis to develop other sectors by economic freedom. This study describs economic freedom, political freedom and human development by using the simultaneous equations model investigates the effect of economic freedom, political freedom and human development on each other in selected Islamic countries. This model is estimated in selected countries by panel data approach between the years 2001-2010. Results show a signicant positive effect of human development on economic and political freedom. In addition economic freedom and human development have a direct effect on each other. More over political freedom doesn’t have any effect on human development. Finally, there is an adverse effect between economic and political freedom.
