Dynamic Panel Data
Abdolali Monsef; Mozhgan Moalemi; Jahangir Biyabani; Mehdi Nejati; javad Taherizadeh
Abstract
If happiness is a good feature of society and development is considered as a gradual movement towards good society, happiness can be one of the goals of developmental policies. In the field of happiness economics, the focus of studies is on analyzing the impact of various economic factors on happiness. ...
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If happiness is a good feature of society and development is considered as a gradual movement towards good society, happiness can be one of the goals of developmental policies. In the field of happiness economics, the focus of studies is on analyzing the impact of various economic factors on happiness. But so far, no study has investigated the effect of economic variables on happiness with the panel threshold regression models. In the present study, the effect of eight variables on happiness using panel data for 100 countries in the period 2005 to 2016 in three scenarios was investigated using panel threshold regression method. The results of the research show that the happiness relationship with per capita income, health, consumption, government expenditures and economic freedom is positive and there is a negative relationship between happiness and income inequality, inflation and unemployment. In each scenario, only a threshold value was detected. Consumption expenditures and economic freedom have a positive effect on happiness, and the size of this effect increases with increasing per capita income (threshold variable). Per capita income has a positive effect on happiness, but with increasing income inequality (threshold variable), the effect of per capita income will decrease. It seems, therefore, that the formulation of appropriate policies to reduce income inequality can lead to more social happiness for the society, which will result in increased productivity and economic growth.
Abolfazl Shahabadi; Zohre Bahari
Volume 4, Issue 16 , November 2014, , Pages 72-53
Abstract
One of the most important macro-economic objectives of the countries is to create the necessary conditions for promoting economic growth. Among them, we can point to political stability and economic freedom. Political instability leads to wasting physical and human resources and social capital, which ...
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One of the most important macro-economic objectives of the countries is to create the necessary conditions for promoting economic growth. Among them, we can point to political stability and economic freedom. Political instability leads to wasting physical and human resources and social capital, which will be considered as an economic rollback. Also, the rate of economic growth is associated with economic freedom index in every country. Economic freedom can lead to investment encouragment, promotion of skills, transfer of technology and efficient use of the investments through creation of relations of the market economy, private sector development, foreign trade development, remove unnecessary governmental regulations and provide the field for the development of productive activities. So, this study surveys the effects of political stability and economic freedom on economic growth in selected countries during the period 1996-2012. For this purpose, the effect of political stability and economic freedom indicators on economic growth has been tested by using GMM method for dynamic panel data models. The results indicate positive effects and statistically significance of political stability and economic freedom on economic growth in both groups of countries
Mohammad Ali Motafaker Azad; Ahmad Asadzadeh; Mohsen Amini Khozani; Mahmood Shirkosh
Volume 4, Issue 13 , January 2014, , Pages 96-79
Abstract
Political stability and democracy, is an important characteristic of a developed political system. In fact a developed political system, with a democracy pattern, has a coordination relationship in other developed sections especially in human and economical issues. In these countries the government ...
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Political stability and democracy, is an important characteristic of a developed political system. In fact a developed political system, with a democracy pattern, has a coordination relationship in other developed sections especially in human and economical issues. In these countries the government provide the basis to develop other sectors by economic freedom. This study describs economic freedom, political freedom and human development by using the simultaneous equations model investigates the effect of economic freedom, political freedom and human development on each other in selected Islamic countries. This model is estimated in selected countries by panel data approach between the years 2001-2010. Results show a signicant positive effect of human development on economic and political freedom. In addition economic freedom and human development have a direct effect on each other. More over political freedom doesn’t have any effect on human development. Finally, there is an adverse effect between economic and political freedom.
