Akbar Nikkhah Sarnaghi; Karim Azarbaiejani; saeed Daei-Karimzadeh
Abstract
The quality of the environment and its protection is one of the important issues in the field of management of countries. Therefore, all countries, along with growth and development policies, try to prevent environmental degradation by enacting laws and regulations in the national sphere and also by ...
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The quality of the environment and its protection is one of the important issues in the field of management of countries. Therefore, all countries, along with growth and development policies, try to prevent environmental degradation by enacting laws and regulations in the national sphere and also by creating international agreements. In the meantime, in order to adopt appropriate policies in the field of economic growth and environmental quality, conducting more detailed studies can help policy makers in this regard. The purpose of this study is to investigate the interrelationships of three important variables of economic growth, degree of trade openness and carbon dioxide emissions in the group of developed countries. For this purpose, the annual data of 29 developed countries for the period 2017-2000 from the World Bank website have been used. The econometric approach used in this work is to estimate the relationships of these variables using dynamic panel data using the GMM method. The estimation results show that by increasing the degree of commercial openness and carbon dioxide emissions, economic growth is enhanced. Venice Economic growth also has a positive effect on the volume of foreign trade, but carbon dioxide emissions limit it. On the other hand, economic growth leads to increased carbon dioxide emissions and the growth of foreign trade reduces the intensity of carbon dioxide emissions.
Komeil Tayeby; bahare Maleki
Volume 1, Issue 4 , December 2012, , Pages 36-11
Abstract
This paper has studied the effect of trade openness on income inequality in Iran and its ten major trading partners during the period 1990-2006. Following Spilimbergo and Londono (1999), the paper has specified an econometric model to explore the effect of trade openness on income inequality through ...
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This paper has studied the effect of trade openness on income inequality in Iran and its ten major trading partners during the period 1990-2006. Following Spilimbergo and Londono (1999), the paper has specified an econometric model to explore the effect of trade openness on income inequality through focusing on relative production endowments, which include capital, agricultural land and human resources, including uneducated, elementary-secondary and higher educated labor force. The specified model has been estimated by the panel data approach over 1990-2006. The empirical results reveal the fact that trade openness increases inequality in those countries which have a higher rate of uneducated labor.
